Development of Dual‐Setting Calcium Phosphate Cement Using Absorbable Polymer

Abstract

Calcium phosphate cements used as bone substitutes generally have low mechanical strength compared with the bones of the human body. To solve these needs, we have incorporated hydrogels in the manufacture of samples made of alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) cement, developing a system of dual-setting cement. This study aimed to produce composite materials by combining α-TCP powder and hydrogels. The composites were prepared using the synthesized powder and four different formulations of hydrogels, using either poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) or poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid), with either azobisisobutyronitrile or ammonium persulfate as initiator. The properties of all composites were evaluated through measuring compressive strength and apparent density and through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The composites showed compressive strengths of around 24 MPa. Soaking the samples in simulated body fluid formed a layer of hydroxyapatite-like crystals on the surface of some samples, showing the bioactivity of the newly developed cements and their potential use as biomaterial.

Solubility controlling of the precursor powders of magnesium phosphate cement by changing the powder composition

“…Precursor powders have been commonly synthesised by solid-state reactions at high temperature [16], simple precipitation [17] and emulsion precipitation methods [18]. In an emulsion precipitation, first a precipitation agent diffuses into the droplet containing the precursor solution dispersed in oil medium by the interaction of surfactant with water and oil phases and then precipitates appear in the droplet [19].…”

Calcium phosphate cements based on alpha-tricalcium phosphate obtained by wet method: Synthesis and milling effects

“…However, in this work it was possible to obtain α-TCP with high purity at lower holding times and without quenching, representing a significant saving in time and energy. The diffractogram of the powder prepared by method 1, using reagents concentration of 2.0 M and calcination temperature of 1500°C, has been published in Thürmer et al [26] showing the presence of phase α-TCP as a single phase.…”

“…Previous studies was conducted using different reagents concentration and different calcination temperature [25,26]. Therefore, this work aims to complement previous work in order to consolidate the best methodology to obtain alpha-tricalcium phosphate with high purity by wet precipitation process.…”

Experimental Composite Resin with Myristyltrimethylammonium Bromide (MYTAB) and Alpha-Tricalcium Phosphate (α-TCP): Antibacterial and Remineralizing Effect

“…As inorganic fillers, barium silicate glass (65 wt%) and nanosized silica (1 wt%) were added. For the α-TCP/MYTAB (α-TCP/MYTAB) composites, the alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) [ 31 ] was added at 10 wt%, while the myristyltrimethylammonium bromide (MYTAB) with a purity of >99% (crystalline powder) was added at 5 wt%. A composite resin without MYTAB and α-TCP addition was used as a control.…”