Development of Electrochemical Method for the Determination of Chlorzoxazone Drug and its Analytical Applications to Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Human Biological Fluids

Abstract

The electrochemical behavior of chlorzoxazone drug at glassy carbon electrode has been investigated for the first time using cyclic and square wave voltammetric techniques. The dependence of the current on pH, concentration, and scan rate was investigated to optimize the experimental conditions for determination of chlorzoxazone. The anodic peak was characterized and the process was diffusion-controlled. The number of electrons transferred in the oxidation process was calculated and a plausible oxidation mechanism was proposed. In the range of 8.0 × 10–7 to 1.0 × 10–5 M, the current measured by square wave voltammetry presents a good linear property as a function of the concentration of chlorzoxazone with a detection limit of 4.41 × 10–8 M with good selectivity and sensitivity. The proposed method was successfully applied to chlorzoxazone determination under physiological condition in pharmaceutical samples and for the detection of chlorzoxazone in human biological fluids. This method can be employed in clinical analysis, quality control, and routine determination of drugs in pharmaceutical formulations.

Design of Electrochemically Modified fMWCNT‐pencil Graphite Electrode Decorated with Cu and Ag Nanofilm and its Electrocatalytic Behavior Towards Imazethapyr

“…This indicated the modification of electrode surface favours easier and faster charge transfer. The surface area of the electrodes were calculated by performing cyclic voltammetric measurements for 1.0 mM K 3 Fe(CN) 6 probe in 0.1 M KCl electrolyte at different scan rates and using Randles‐Sevick equation : …”

“…Fractional αn values confirms the existence of irreversible reduction reaction. The value of E° can be calculated from the intercept of the plot E p vs log υ, by extrapolating to the vertical axis at υ=0 . E° was amounted to be 0.995 and from equation 4, k° was estimated to be 7.26×10 2 cm s −1 .…”

“…Fractional an values confirms the existence of irreversible reduction reaction. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 The value of E8 can be calculated from the intercept of the plot E p vs log u, by extrapolating to the vertical axis at u = 0 [36]. E8 was amounted to be 0.995 and from equation 4, k8 was estimated to be 7.26 3 10 2 cm s À1 .…”

Liquid chromatography–tandem MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of paracetamol, chlorzoxazone and aceclofenac in human plasma: An application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study

“…It also reduces the release of inflammatory leukotrienes and is used to relieve the pain and stiffness caused by muscle strains and sprains (Sweetman, 2011). Literature survey has revealed several methods for the determination of CXZ in biological fluids (Abbar & Nandibewoor, 2012;Eap, Schnyder, & Savary, 1998;Rajnarayana, Mada, Vidyasagar, Kishore, & Krishna, 2002;Simonsen, Steentoft, Buck, Hansen, & Linnet, 2010;Walash, Belal, Tolba, & Halawa, 2015;Wang et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2014).…”

Graphene quantum dots decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles/functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a new sensing platform for electrochemical determination of l-DOPA in agricultural products

“…/GCE. For a reversible process, the following Randles-Sevcik formula can be used:40 I pa = 0.4463(F 3 /RT) 1/2 n 3/2 A 0 I pa , n, A 0 , D 0 , υ and C 0 are referring to anodic peak current, number of transferred electrons, surface area of electrode, diffusion coefficient, scan rate and the concentration of K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ], respectively. 2, the ΔE p of the anodic and cathodic peak potential have its highest value for f-MWCNTs/GCE and the lowest one for Fe 3 O 4 @GQDs/f-MWNCTs/GCE.…”