Development of glycogen and phospholipid metabolism in fetal and newborn rat lung

Maniscalco, William M.; Wilson, C. M.; Gross, Ian; Gobran, Laurice I.; Rooney, Seamus A.; Warshaw, Joseph B.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(78)90153-4

Cited by 182 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The rate of choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine more than tripled between 19-20 days gestation and 1 day after birth. These profiles are similar to those previously reported for glycogen content (28,(30)(31)(32) and phosphatidylcholine synthesis (28,(33)(34)(35)(36) in the rat. Similar developmental profiles have been reported in other species (1,14).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Thyroid Hormone Opposes Some Glucocorticoid Effects on Glycogen Content and Lipid Synthesis in Developing Fetal Rat Lung

1986

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ABSTRACT. Because of current interest in use of a com-used prophylactically to accelerate fetal lung maturation and bination of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones for pre-prevent RDS in human newborns (2, 3) and in at least one vention of respiratory distress syndrome we examined the clinical study (4) thyroxine was also reported to be effective in effects of dexamethasone and triiodothyronine (T3), alone this regard. However, the findings in a recent multicenter study and in combination, on glycogen content and rates of fatty that glucocorticoids are not as efficacious in preventing RDS as acid and phosphatidylcholine synthesis in fetal rat lung. earlier believed and that its effects may be largely confined to The hormones were administered to the mothers on the 2 female infants (5) has led to interest in use of a combination of days before delivery on days 17-22 of gestation. Both glucocorticoids and thyroid hormone for prevention of RDS (6).hormones increased the rate of choline incorporation into Prior to such clinical use, however, it is desirable to have inforphosphatidylcholine, an index of surfactant synthesis, on mation on the interaction of these hormones in the acceleration day 20 just prior to the normal developmental surge but of lung maturation in animals. had no effect on this parameter on days 19, 21, or 22.Previous studies in animals have shown that a combination of There is a developmental increase in lung glycogen on days glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones is more effective than either 17-20 with a decrease thereafter and a developmental hormone alone in accelerating fetal lung maturation and stimuincrease in the rate of fatty acid synthesis between days 20 lating surfactant production. In a morphological study in the and 21. The increases in glycogen content and fatty acid fetal rat, Hitchcock (7) reported maximal acceleration of lung synthesis were accelerated by dexamethasone and pre-maturation when glucocorticoids and thyroxine were both presvented by T3 and when the hormones were administered ent. Similarly, a synergistic interaction between glucocorticoids together T3 antagonized the stimulatory effects of dexa-and thyroid hormone in stimulating synthesis of phosphatidylmethasone on these parameters. Both dexamethasone and choline and disaturated phosphatidylcholine, the major compo-T3 accelerated the normal developmental decrease in lung nent of pulmonary surfactant (I), was demonstrated in fetal rat glycogen later in gestation and the effects of the two lung in vivo (8,9) and in fetal rat (10, 1 I), rabbit (12), and hormones on this parameter were additive. The combina-human (1 3) lung in culture. tion of dexamethasone and T3 led to significantly smaller In addition to morphology and synthesis of surfactant phosfetuses and increased mortality late in gestation. These pholipids, lung maturation may also be assessed by other criteria. data show that glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones have An increase followed by a decrease in glycogen content is a opposite as well as common effects on...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Glycogen was assayed as described previously (28). In this procedure glycogen breakdown is coupled to generation of NADPH which is measured fluorometrically (29).…”

Section: Rate Of Choline Incorporation Into Phosphatidylcholinementioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hormone Opposes Some Glucocorticoid Effects on Glycogen Content and Lipid Synthesis in Developing Fetal Rat Lung

1986

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“…Inasmuch as there are distinct morphological changes during maturation of the fetal lung (2), we examined the effects of estrogen on these parameters of lung maturation. In addition, we determined the effect of estrogen on lung glycogen content because this decreases toward the end of gestation in a number of species (4,23,36), and it has been postulated that glycogen may provide substrate or energy for surfactant phospholipid synthesis in fetal lung (18,23). Finally, we examined the effect of estrogen on the rate of synthesis of a nonsurfactant lung phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, as well as on that of lung protein and DNA.…”

Section: Speculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycogen was measured fluorometrically as described previously (23). Under these conditions, the rates of choline and ethanolamine incorporation into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, respectively, were linear for at least 3 hr, whereas those of leucine and thymidine into protein and DNA, respectively, were linear for at least 1.5 hr.…”

Section: Glycogen Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Estrogen on Fetal Rabbit Lung Maturation: Morphological and Biochemical Studies

et al. 1981

Pediatr Res

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Summary17P-Estradiol (0.44 to 4.4 &kg) was intramuscularly administered to pregnant rabbits on day 25 or 26 of gestation, and the fetuses were delivered by cesarean section 24 hr later. On light microscopy, the lungs from the treated group had larger alveoli and thinner interalveolar septa than did those from the controls at the same gestational age. The 1umen:septa ratio was 0.62 + 0.06 in the control group and 0.88 + 0.05 in the treated group ( P < 0.01). Blood vessels in the lungs of the treated group were also more mature than were those in the control group. Alveolar epithelial cells consisted of 52% undifferentiated, 21% type 11, and 27% type I cells in the control group. In the estrogen-treated group, the corresponding distribution was 25, 29, and 45%. There were 0.82 -+ 0.16 lamellar bodies per alveolar cell in the treated group compared to 0.38 k 0.06 in the controls (P < 0.05). Estrogen decreased fetal lung glycogen content from 247 + 15 pg/mg protein to 70 9 on day 26 and from 103 -+ 13 to 13 + 2 on day 27 ( P < 0.001). Estrogen administration increased the rate of incdrporation of choliie into phosphatidylcholine in fetal lung slices. decreased the rate of thymidine incorporation into DNA, but had no effect on the rates bf incorporatibn of ethanolamine into phosphatidylethanolamine or of leucine into protein. These data indicate that estrogen accelerates the rate of fetal lung maturation. It appears to stimulate lung differentiation at the expense of lung growth. SpeculationEstrogen may be involved in the physiologic control of fetal lung maturation and pulmonary surfactant production.We have previously shown that administration of 17/3-estradiol to pregnant rabbits at 25 to 26 days gestation (term is 31 days) accelerates fetal lung maturation and stimulates production of pulmonary surfactant (16,17). Thus, maternal estrogen administration has the following effects on the fetal lung: it increases the amount of total phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine as well as the phosphatidylcholine:sphingomyelin ratio in lung lavage (17), it increases the rate of choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine in lung slices (16), and it increases the activities of pulmonary cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase and lysolecithin acyltransferase (16), enzymes involved in the synthesis of total and disaturated phosphatidylcholine, respectively (33). Gross et al. (12) reported that estrogen accelerates maturation of fetal rat lung in organ culture. This fmding suggests that estrogen has a direct effect on the fetal lung.The purpose of the present study was to further characterize the effects of estrogen on fetal lung maturation. Inasmuch as there are distinct morphological changes during maturation of the fetal lung (2), we examined the effects of estrogen on these parameters of lung maturation. In addition, we determined the effect of estrogen on lung glycogen content because this decreases toward the end of gestation in a number of species (4,23,36), and it has been postulated that glycogen may provide substrate o...

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“…Glycogen stored in the alveolar type II cells prior to the acceleration of surfactant synthesis is probably an important substrate for surfactant lipid synthesis [3][4][5][6]. Bourbon et al [6] provided direct evidence for the formation of saturated phosphatidylcholine from prelabeled endogenous glycogen in fetal rat lung.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphofructokinase in rat lung during perinatal development: characterization of subunit composition and regulation by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and glucose 1,6-bisphosphate

Heesbeen¹,

Rijksen²,

Batenburg

et al. 1987

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

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Development of glycogen and phospholipid metabolism in fetal and newborn rat lung

Cited by 182 publications

References 33 publications

Thyroid Hormone Opposes Some Glucocorticoid Effects on Glycogen Content and Lipid Synthesis in Developing Fetal Rat Lung

Thyroid Hormone Opposes Some Glucocorticoid Effects on Glycogen Content and Lipid Synthesis in Developing Fetal Rat Lung

Effects of Estrogen on Fetal Rabbit Lung Maturation: Morphological and Biochemical Studies

Phosphofructokinase in rat lung during perinatal development: characterization of subunit composition and regulation by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and glucose 1,6-bisphosphate

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