Development of Heavy Metal Potentiostat for Batik Industry

Abstract

The consumption of reactive dyes in the batik industry has led to a severe concern in monitoring the heavy metal level in wastewater. Due to the necessity of implementing a wastewater monitoring system in the batik factory, a Heavy Metal potentiostat (HMstat) was designed. The main goal of this study is to understand the optimal design concept of the potentiostat function in order to investigate the losses of accuracy in measurement using off-the-shelf devices. Through lab-scale design, the HMstat comprises of an analog potentiostat read-out circuit component (PRCC) and a digital control signal component (CSC). The PRCC is based on easy to use components integrated with a NI-myRIO controller in a CSC. Here, the myRIO was equipped with built-in analog to digital converter (ADC) and digital to analog converter (DAC) components. In this paper, the accuracy test and detection of cadmium(II) (Cd2+) and lead(II) (Pb2+) were conducted using the HMstat. The results were compared with the Rodeostat (an open source potentiostat available on the online market). The accuracy of the HMStat was higher than 95% and within the precision rate of the components used. The HMstat was able to detect Cd2+ and Pb2+ at −0.25 and −0.3 V, respectively. Similar potential peaks were obtained using Rodeostat (Cd2+ at −0.25 V and Pb2+ at −0.3 V).

Smart Sensing with Edge Computing in Precision Agriculture for Soil Assessment and Heavy Metal Monitoring: A Review

“…Both Arduino-and Raspberry Pi-based potentiostat have the potential to incorporate wireless sensors for data transmission; however, these controllers do not contain a built-in Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) which make the overall design more sophisticated. In this regard, Hanisah et al [142] came up with a portable Heavy Metal Potentiostat (HMstat) to detect heavy metal composition on-site. Their potentiostat comprised a digital Control Signal Component (CSC) and the electronic component, which is the analog Potentiostat Read-out Circuit Component (PRCC), as shown in Figure 5 [142].…”

“…In this regard, Hanisah et al [142] came up with a portable Heavy Metal Potentiostat (HMstat) to detect heavy metal composition on-site. Their potentiostat comprised a digital Control Signal Component (CSC) and the electronic component, which is the analog Potentiostat Read-out Circuit Component (PRCC), as shown in Figure 5 [142]. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that both the Arduino and RPi controller board do support the incorporation of various sensor modules.…”