Development of Highly Sensitive Method for Sugar Determination in Herbal Medicine; Application of Monosaccharides and Oligosaccharides in Japanese Angelica Root and Rehmannia Root

Abstract

We have developed a simple and accurate method for quantifying sugars in herbal medicines, which have hitherto been difficult to quantify. Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-offlight (UPLC-Q-TOF)-MS and two types of columns with different chemical properties, we determined the optimum conditions for separating nine sugars (fructose, galactose, glucose, mannitol, sucrose, melibiose, raffinose, manninotriose, and stachyose) commonly found in herbal medicines. Separation was completed within 10 min when an apHera NH 2 HPLC column was used, although galactose and glucose could not be separated. On the other hand, the nine sugars were completely separated within 16 min when a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC)pak VG-50 2D column was used. The calibration curves obtained using those two columns gave good linearity for the sugar standards, and the coefficient of determination was 0.995 or higher. Both columns showed excellent performance with short analysis time and high sensitivity. Using our developed method, we were able to quantify sugars in galactose-free herbal medicines within 10 min and in herbal medicines containing galactose within 16 min. We revealed that our method could be used for the analysis of sugars in Angelica acutiloba and Rehmannia glutinosa roots.

A Surface Matrix of Au NPs Decorated Graphdiyne for Multifunctional Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

“…glutinosa root. Based on previous works, the endogenous components consist mainly in three types of compounds: sugar, plant growth hormone, and amino acids. − For sugar components, monosaccharide ([M + H] + , m / z 219.1) and disaccharide ([M + H] + , m / z 343.3) are homogeneously distributed throughout the root (Figure c,d). While trisaccharide ([M + K] + , m / z 543.1) and tetrasaccharide ([M + K] + , m / z 705.3) are mainly accumulated in the epidermis and xylem of the root (Figure e,f).…”

Rapid identification of chemical constituents in Hugan tablets by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry

“…Based on literature [7, 26, 28–30, 41, 43], 20 other compounds, such as coumarins, nucleosides, saccharides and so on, were preliminarily identified in HGT. The specific mass spectrometry information is shown in Supporting Information Table S1.…”

Characterization and efficient production of an α‐agarase from marine bacterium Catenovulum maritimum STB14

“…The eluents were 250 mM sodium hydroxide (eluent A), 1 M sodium acetate (eluent B), and ultrapure water (eluent C). The molecular weight of the final degradation products was detected by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐fight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS; Waters) equipped with electrospray ionization ion source as previously described (X. Han et al, 2022).…”