Development of Low-Cost Prototype N<sub>2</sub> Laser System and Laser-Induced Fluorescence of Pyranine

Abstract

This work aims to a detailed description of the development of a prototype Transversely Excited Atmospheric (TEA) nitrogen laser and its high-tension electrical pump source, along with its application study of Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF). The high-tension pump source is designed and simulated by using NI Multisim to study the voltage behavior at different points. The high-tension pump source is constructed using the flyback transformer. The open-air laser cavity is designed and simulated by using Zemax Optic Studio. Blumlein transmission line equivalent of nitrogen laser is designed in NI Multisim, voltage and current behavior across laser cavity and spark gap are simulated. The air is used as a lasing medium, as it contains 78% molecular nitrogen. The L-shaped electrodes are used as a cavity in the construction of this N 2 laser system. An ignition system in the form of the low inductance spark gap is built using the two bolts. Generally, the current passes through gas either by transverse or longitudinal discharge; in this work, the transverse discharge technique is used. Nitrogen laser produces a beam with a center wavelength of 337.1nm. Laser-induced fluorescence spectrum of the Pyranine is taken which shows its fluorescence in the green region with a maximum peak at the wavelength of 567.5nm. Pyranine is made up of a mixture of C 16 H 7 Na 3 O 10 S 3 so some other peaks can also be seen in the fluorescence spectrum with low intensity.

Microcontroller-Based Thermoelectrically Stabilized Laser Diode System

“…The circuit shown in Figure 1 is implemented in designing and fabricating the laser diode driver circuit. NI Multisim (https://www.multisim.com/) electrical/electronic circuit simulation software tools were used for these simulations (Naeem et al, 2021(Naeem et al, , 2022b. In Figure 1, a 12 V DC power supply and two LM317 ICs are used to control the voltage and current across the laser diode.…”

Design, Construction and Characterization of Sealed Tube Medium Power CO2 Laser System

“…The graph Figure 2b shows a square wave generation simulation at the output of 555-timer-based pulse width modulation (PWM). The frequency of the square wave voltage can be changed by varying the capacitor or resistance values [11,19,20].…”

“…Using a master oscillator-power amplifier laser system up to 100 J of energy may be extracted in a train of 3 ps laser pulses separated by 18 ps [10]. A low-cost homemade prototype nitrogen laser [11] is designed and fabricated using the air as an active medium to generate a nano-second pulse laser, but the efficiency was low, with a similar approach reported in this article. With the passage of time, the efficiency of CO 2 lasers increased, but commercially available lasers are quite expensive.…”