Development of Motor Cooling Technology in Hybrid Vehicles

Matsumoto, Takashi; Kato, Hideki; Takizawa, Keiji; Yashiro, Takahisa; Okazaki, Sho; Tabuchi, Kenta

doi:10.4271/2019-01-2312

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…(4) Here, Ṁ represents the mass accretion rate and Σ specifies the mass density of the flow averaged in the vertical direction (Matsumoto et al 1984). It might be noticed that in the present work, we consistently regard the direction of inward radial velocity as positive.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Effect of magnetic flux advection on the dynamics of shock in accretion flow around a rotating black hole

Sarkar

Rao

2020

Res. Astron. Astrophys.

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We investigate the dynamical behaviour of a magnetized, dissipative, accretion flow around a rapidly rotating black hole. We solve the magnetohydrodynamic equations and calculate the transonic accretion solutions which may contain discontinuous shock transitions. We investigate the effect of ζ− parameter (parametrizing the radial variation of the toroidal magnetic flux advection rate) on the dynamical behaviour of shocks. For a rapidly rotating black hole and for fixed injection parameters at the outer edge, we show that stationary shocks are sustained in the global magnetized accretion solutions for a wide range of ζ and accretion rate (ṁ). To investigate the observational implications, we consider dissipative shocks and estimate the maximum accessible energy from the post-shock corona (PSC) for nine stellar mass black hole candidates. We compare this with the observed radio jet kinetic power reported in the literature, whenever available. We find close agreement between the estimated values from our model with those reported in the literature.

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Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…where H, α T and W , respectively, denote the disc halfthickness, constant of proportionality and the vertically integrated pressure of the flow (Matsumoto et al 1984). Along the same line as the seminal work of Shakura & Sunyaev (1973), we consider α T to remain constant everywhere along the flow.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of magnetic flux advection on the dynamics of shock in accretion flow around a rotating black hole

Sarkar

Rao

2020

Res. Astron. Astrophys.

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“…Here, the subscripts "−" and "+" indicate, respectively, the quantities just before and after the shock, whereas, W and Σ are the pressure and matter density, integrated in the vertical direction (see, e.g., Matsumoto et al 1984) given by,…”

Section: Equations Governing a Transonic Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, it correctly reproduces the locations of both the marginally stable and marginally bound circular orbits, though the specific energies at these orbits deviated by a few percent. This potential has been used in numerous works to study the structure and physical properties of accretion flows around a non-rotating black hole (Matsumoto et al 1984;Abramowicz et al 1988;Kato et al 1988;Chakrabarti 1989;Chakrabarti & Titarchuk 1995;Yang & Kafatos 1995;Hawley & Krolik 2001) with a good deal of success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transonic Accretion and Winds Around Pseudo-Kerr Black Holes And Comparison with General Relativistic Solutions

Bhattacharjee¹,

Chakrabarti²,

Debnath³

2022

Res. Astron. Astrophys.

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Spectral and timing properties of accretion flows on a black hole depend on their density and temperature distributions, which, in turn come from the underlying dynamics. Thus, an accurate description of the flow which includes hydrodynamics and radiative transfer is a must to interpret the observational results. In the case of non-rotating black holes, Pseudo- Newtonian description of surrounding space-time enables one to make a significant progress in predicting spectral and timing properties. This formalism is lacking for the spinning black holes. In this paper, we show that there exists an exact form of ‘natural’ potential derivable from the general relativistic (GR) radial momentum equation written in the local corotating frame. Use of this potential in an otherwise Newtonian set of equations, allows us to describe transonic flows very accurately as is evidenced by comparing with solutions obtained from the full GR framework. We study the properties of the sonic points and the centrifugal pressure supported shocks in the parameter space spanned by the specific energy and the angular momentum, and compare with the results of GR hydrodynamics. We show that this potential can safely be used for the entire range of Kerr parameter −1 < a < 1 for modeling of observational results around spinning black holes. We assume the flow to be inviscid. Thus, it is non-dissipative with constant energy and angular momentum. These assumptions are valid very close to the black hole horizon as the infall time scale is much shorter as compared to the viscous time scale.

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“…The new hybrid system has its maximum supply voltage increased by 10% (from 520 to 580 V) for both electric machines (MG1 and MG2, Table 2). Aside from the water jacket, the transmission also was fitted with a heat exchanger, known from the solutions utilized in the 4th generation of the Toyota Prius [21]. An increased voltage in electric machines resulted from the voltage of the inverter (Table 3).…”

Section: Research Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Engine Downsizing in Hybrid Powertrains on the Energy Flow Indicators under Actual Traffic Conditions

Szałek¹,

Pielecha

2021

Energies

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The development of internal combustion engines is currently based around the ideas of downsizing and rightsizing. These trends, however, are not very widespread in vehicles with hybrid drive systems. Nevertheless, the authors analyzed the performance indicators of hybrid drives in downsized vehicles. Two generations of a vehicle model, equipped with hybrid drive systems, were used in the analysis in which not only the design of the internal combustion engine was changed, but also other hybrid drive systems (including the transmission, electric motors and high-voltage batteries). The paper analyzes the energy flow in two hybrid vehicles of different generations during tests in real road driving conditions in accordance with the requirements of the RDE (real driving emissions) tests. The authors have confirmed that newer vehicle designs extend the vehicle range by 38% in the electric mode under the conditions of road traffic (68% in the urban conditions). The application of a combustion engine with better operating indexes did not result in its greater load, but led to limitation of the maximum pressure-volume (PV) diagram. The change of the battery to Li-ion, despite its lower electric and energy capacity, led to an increase in vehicle’s working parameters (power and regenerative braking).

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Development of Motor Cooling Technology in Hybrid Vehicles

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of magnetic flux advection on the dynamics of shock in accretion flow around a rotating black hole

Effect of magnetic flux advection on the dynamics of shock in accretion flow around a rotating black hole

Transonic Accretion and Winds Around Pseudo-Kerr Black Holes And Comparison with General Relativistic Solutions

The Influence of Engine Downsizing in Hybrid Powertrains on the Energy Flow Indicators under Actual Traffic Conditions

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