Development of mouse mammary gland: identification of stages in differentiation of luminal and myoepithelial cells using monoclonal antibodies and polyvalent antiserum against keratin.

Abstract

The development of the mouse mammary gland was studied immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against cell surface and basement membrane proteins and a polyclonal antibody against keratin. We have identified three basic cell types: basal, myoepithelial, and epithelial cells. The epithelial cells can be subdivided into three immunologically related cell types: luminal type I, luminal type II, and alveolar cells. These five cell types appear at different stages of mammary gland development and have either acquired or lost one of the antibody-defined antigens. The cytoplasmic distribution of several of these antigens varied according to the location of the cells within the mammary gland. Epithelial cells which did not line the lumen expressed antigens throughout the cytoplasm. These antigens were demonstrated on the apical site in situations where the cells lined the lumen. One antigen became increasingly basolateral as the cells became attached to the basement membrane. The basal cells synthesize laminin and deposit it at the cell base. They are present in endbuds and ducts and are probably the stem cells of the mammary gland. Transitional forms have been demonstrated which developmentally link these cells with both myoepithelial and (luminal) epithelial cells.

Sequential alteration of peanut agglutinin binding-glycoprotein expression during progression of murine mammary neoplasia

“…The expression of differentiation related carbohydrates recognisable by lectins was reported for several systems including hematopoietic cells (Reimann et al, 1984), endothelium (Alroy et al, 1987) and mammary epithelium (Rudland, 1987). The latter comprises several phenotypically distinct cell populations (Rudland, 1987;Sonnenberg et al, 1986).…”

Functional Hierarchy of Simultaneously Expressed Adhesion Receptors: Integrin α2β1 but Not CD44 Mediates MV3 Melanoma Cell Migration and Matrix Reorganization within Three-dimensional Hyaluronan-containing Collagen Matrices

“…The following affinity-purified, adhesion-perturbing mAbs were used: anti-␤1 mAb 4B4 (Morimoto et al, 1985) (Coulter, Hamburg, Germany), anti-␣2 mAb 6F1 (Coller et al, 1989) (kindly provided by B. S. Coller, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY), and P1E6 (Carter et al, 1990) (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA); anti-␣3 mAb P1B5 (Carter et al, 1990) (Becton Dickinson), anti-␣5 mAb Sam-1 (Arroyo et al, 1992) (Life Technologies, Eggenstein, Germany), anti-␣6 GoH3 (Sonnenberg et al, 1986) (Immunotech, Hamburg, Germany), anti-␣v mAb 17E6 (Mitjans et al, 1995) (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), and anti-CD44 mAb Hermes-1 (Jalkanen et al, 1987) (Endogen, Cambridge, MA). Activating anti-␤1 mAb 8A2 (Kovach et al, 1992) was kindly provided by N. L. Kovach (University of Washington, Seattle, WA).…”

Epidermal growth factor system is a physiological regulator of development of the mouse fetal submandibular gland and regulates expression of the α6-integrin subunit

“…Sections were first blocked with 10% normal goat serum in PBS for 20 min at room temperature, and then exposed to 1:100 dilution of GoH3 (Immunotech, Westbrooke, ME), an affinity purified rat monoclonal antibody monospecific for rodent a6-integrin subunit (Sonnenberg et al, 1986(Sonnenberg et al, , 1987, or to normal rat serum at the same dilution (controls), for 18 hr at 4°C. Sections were washed in PBS (three times, 15 min each), and then exposed to 1:50 anti-rat-IgG conjugated to fluoresceinisothiocynate (FITC) (Vector Labs, Burlingame, CA) for 30 min at room temperature, washed as above, mounted in Vectashield (Vector Labs), and examined in a fluorescence microscope.…”