Development of multilaminar composites for vehicular ballistic protection using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene laminates and aramid fabrics

Silva, Leandro F da; Lavoratti, Alessandra; Pereira, Iaci Miranda; Dias, Rafael Rodrigues; Amico, Sandro Campos; Zattera, Ademir J.

doi:10.1177/0021998318815959

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In addition to infusing PPTA fibers into UHMWPE powder-based matrix, knitting PPTA and UHMWPE yarns is another method to fabricate PPTA/UHMWPE composites [ 22 , 23 ]. Adhesive resins, such as polyurethane, vinyl ester [ 24 ] and ethylene vinyl acetate [ 25 ] could also be used to enhance the bonding between the components in laminated composites containing PPTA fabrics and UHMWPE fabrics/fibers. It can be seen that in this type of composite structure, the UHMWPE and the PPTA materials do not form direct bonds with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Interlayer Adhesion of Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)/Ultra-high-molecular-weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Laminates Prepared by Plasma Treatment and Hot Pressing Technique

et al. 2021

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Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) is a high-performance polymer that has been utilized in a range of applications. Although PPTA fibers are widely used in various composite materials, laminar structures consisting of PPTA and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), are less reported. The difficulty in making such composite structures is in part due to the weakness of the interface formed between these two polymers. In this study, a layered structure was produced from PPTA fabrics and UHMWPE films via hot pressing. To improve the interlayer adhesion, oxygen plasma was used to treat the PPTA and the UHMWPE surfaces prior to lamination. It has been found that while plasma treatment on the UHMWPE surface brought about a moderate increase in interlayer adhesion (up to 14%), significant enhancement was achieved on the samples fabricated with plasma treated PPTA (up to 91%). It has been assumed that both surface roughening and the introduction of functional groups contributed to this improvement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Interlayer Adhesion of Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)/Ultra-high-molecular-weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Laminates Prepared by Plasma Treatment and Hot Pressing Technique

et al. 2021

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“…The highest mechanical and ballistic performances were exhibited by the composite reinforced with 25 vol.% of AFs. Fabricated composites can be used for fabricating vehicle armors [56]. Graphene oxide-reinforced AF/epoxy composites were successfully fabricated using autoclave forming technology.…”

Section: Aramid Fiber and Its Hybrid Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Fibrous Composites for Engineering Applications

Ashrith¹,

Jeevan²,

2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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This review focuses on the fabrication and mechanical characterization of fibrous composites for engineering applications. Fibrous composites are materials composed of two or more distinct phases, with fibers embedded in a matrix. The properties of these materials depend on the properties of both the fibers and the matrix, as well as the way they are combined and fabricated. The various fabrication methods, along with the process parameters, used to manufacture synthetic and natural fibrous composites for engineering applications, including hand lay-up, compression molding, resin transfer molding, additive manufacturing, etc., are discussed. The mechanical characterization of fibrous composites, including their strength, stiffness, and toughness of both synthetic and natural fibrous composites are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of fiber reinforcement are discussed, along with their influence on the resulting mechanical characteristics of the composites. It can be observed that the mechanical properties of fibrous composites can be tailored by controlling various factors, such as the fiber orientation, fiber volume fraction, and matrix type. Although fibrous composites offer significant advantages, several challenges hinder their widespread use in engineering applications. These challenges include high manufacturing costs, limited design guidelines, and difficulties in predicting their mechanical behavior under various loading conditions. Therefore, despite their unique properties, these challenges must be overcome for fibrous composites to realize their full potential as high-performance materials.

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“…Knitting PPTA and UHMWPE yarns was another way of fabricating PPTA/UHMWPE composites in addition to preparing PPTA fiber/UHMWPE powder-based materials [ 37 , 38 ]. Adhesive resins such as ethylene vinyl acetate [ 39 ], vinyl ester [ 40 ], and epoxy [ 41 ] as well as other components such as carbon nanotubes [ 41 ] were used to enhance the bonding between the PPTA fabrics and UHMWPE fabrics/fibers. However, this type of fabrication process does not form direct bonding between the PPTA and the UHMWPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Ballistic Performance of PPTA/UHMWPE Laminates

et al. 2023

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Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are high-performance polymer materials largely used for body armor applications. Although composite structures from a combination of PPTA and UHMWPE have been created and described in the literature, the manufacture of layered composites from PPTA fabrics and UHMWPE films with UHMWPE film as an adhesive layer has not been reported. Such a new design can provide the obvious advantage of simple manufacturing technology. In this study, for the first time, we prepared PPTA fabrics/UHMWPE films laminate panels using plasma treatment and hot-pressing and examined their ballistic performance. Ballistic testing results indicated that samples with moderate interlayer adhesion between PPTA and UHMWPE layers exhibited enhanced performance. A further increase in interlayer adhesion showed a reverse effect. This finding implies that optimization of interface adhesion is essential to achieve maximum impact energy absorption through the delamination process. In addition, it was found that the stacking sequence of the PPTA and UHMWPE layers affected ballistic performance. Samples with PPTA as the outermost layer performed better than those with UHMWPE as the outermost layer. Furthermore, microscopy of the tested laminate samples showed that PPTA fibers exhibited shear cutting failure on the entrance side and tensile failure on the exit side of the panel. UHMWPE films exhibited brittle failure and thermal damage at high compression strain rate on the entrance side and tensile fracture on the exit side. For the first time, findings from this study reported in-field bullet testing results of PPTA/UHMWPE composite panels, which can provide important insights for designing, fabricating, and failure analysis of such composite structures for body armors.

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Development of multilaminar composites for vehicular ballistic protection using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene laminates and aramid fabrics

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Improving Interlayer Adhesion of Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)/Ultra-high-molecular-weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Laminates Prepared by Plasma Treatment and Hot Pressing Technique

Improving Interlayer Adhesion of Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)/Ultra-high-molecular-weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Laminates Prepared by Plasma Treatment and Hot Pressing Technique

A Review on the Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Fibrous Composites for Engineering Applications

Anti-Ballistic Performance of PPTA/UHMWPE Laminates

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