Development of new Lemnaceae breeding technology using Apol-humus and biogas plant waste

Abstract

Numerous possibilities of Lemnaceae use (biofuel production, supplementation of animal feed, phytoremediation, bioindication) as well as their cheap production and rapid growth offer many novel benefits. The experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions using Spirodela polyrrhiza plants. Plant cultivation was carried out in a phytotron room at 24°C, on the liquid standard "Z" medium which was supplemented with various concentrations of Apol-humus. Plant growth, chlorophyll index, net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductivity, intercellular CO 2 concentration, fresh and dry weight were analysed. The obtained results indicated the beneficial effects of the addition of Apol-humus to the standard Z medium. The designed novel technologies were beneficial for the growth and development of Spirodela polyrrhiza and produced plants with physico-chemical parameters which surpassed those of the control. Rapid growth, a high chlorophyll index, and a far more intensive gas exchange resulted from the presence of fulvic and humic acids as well as chitosan polymers in the medium which originated from Apol-humus and of the substances originating from the waste of methane fermentation. The obtained results confirmed previous assumptions and demonstrated the possibility of obtaining increased biomass of Spirodela plants and also the possibility of using it in biogas plants and for environmental protection.

Acquisition of Torrefied Biomass from Jerusalem Artichoke Grown in a Closed Circular System Using Biogas Plant Waste

“…Alburquerque et al [ 11 ], Jasiulewicz and Janiszewska [ 12 ], and Łagocka et al [ 13 ] indicated that, given the environmental risks and benefits, the use of this waste in agriculture is most rational, provided that methods for its use are developed. The limitation of environmentally harmful synthetic fertilization by the use of biogas plant waste seems to be very important, as has been similarly demonstrated in the case of microalgae and water plants from the family Lemnaceae , which applied to medium enabled a reduction of the recommended artificial fertilizer doses [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The use of waste from biogas plants for fertilizing purposes is part of the strategy of the circulating production of energy plants in which waste becomes a raw material in the next crop cycle.…”

Valorization of Spirodela polyrrhiza biomass for the production of biofuels for distributed energy

“…The experiment was conducted for 10 days under laboratory conditions on the model water plant S. polyrrhiza , derived from the collection of in vitro cultures of the Department of Plant Ecophysiology of the Faculty of Bioscience of the University of Lodz, Poland. Plant samples for testing were collected and evaluated according to methodologies developed on the basis of national standards and previous research, which are in force at University of Lodz in Poland and have been used in previous studies and international publication 19 . Test were conducted in accordance with OECD 221 Assess the toxicity of substances to freshwater aquatic plants of the genus Lemna (duckweed).…”

“…Lemnaceae are common monocotyledonous aquatic plants also called water duckweed, the most popular are: Spirodela , Landoltia , Lemna , Wolffiella and Wolffia 17 , 18 . These macrophytes are precursors of new generation crops, their cultivation is relatively easy and cost effective 18 , 19 . Fast growth and high accumulation of starch are two key features of the duckweed potential as a raw material for biofuel production.…”

“…Great potential for the production and accumulation of starch under various growth conditions is characteristic of this plant 29 , 33 . The literature data indicate that macrophytes are involved in phytoremediation, as they take up heavy metals from polluted waters and improve the overall quality of water reservoirs 19 , 34 . Wendeou et al (2013) and Romanowska-Duda et al (2019) pointed out that high expansion of Spirodela sp .…”