Development of Nitrogen Gas Bubbling Deaerator Made of Polyvinyliden Fluoride

Ishihara, Yoshio; Yamane, Sumiyo; Yamazaki, Hiroshi; Tsuge, Hideki

doi:10.1149/1.2044299

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The dynamical behavior of the EMF can be caused by the time dependence of the 2nd term in eq. (14). The rate determining process in high O 2 region, however, will be due to the diffusion process of the recombined O 2 molecule on/nearby the sample Pt Ã electrode, because the recombined O 2 does not dissolve in the electrolyte easily under the saturation state of O 2 nearby the sample Pt Ã electrode.…”

Section: Experimental Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gas control technology and the clean technology were * Graduate Student, Niigata University referred to the gas bubbling method. 14) This cell was made of a PYREX Ò glass with leak tightness. The dissolved oxygen in the electrolyte was removed by 10 À3 m 3 /min Ar gas bubbling for 8 h. The leakage of air into the cell was prevented by Ar continuous purging.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamical Desorption Process of Oxygen on Platinum by Using a Gas Controllable H2 | H+Electrolyte | Pt Cell

Matsuda

Harada

2005

Mater. Trans.

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The dynamical desorption process of oxygen on platinum was investigated by an electrochemical method. By using a gas controllable H 2 j H þ electrolyte j Pt cell, the value of electromotive force (EMF) has been measured as a function of lapse of time after an oxygen adsorbing treatment on the Pt electrode. The time dependence of EMF value has been classified into three stages. In the base stage, the value of EMF was discussed on the oxygen concentration on the Pt electrode. The 1st stage was interpreted by using the electrochemical theory on a diffusion model. The 2nd stage has been analyzed by using a random desorption model. The behavior of EMF was in good agreement with these models. From above analyses, the activation energy of oxygen diffusion process and the adsorption energy of oxygen on the Pt electrode were evaluated. The inflection point as a boundary point of the 1st to 2nd stage was related to the dynamical desorption process of oxygen.

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Section: Experimental Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Desorption Process of Oxygen on Platinum by Using a Gas Controllable H2 | H+Electrolyte | Pt Cell

Matsuda

Harada

2005

Mater. Trans.

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“…This means that our electroless plating technique conferred the same effect as the removal of the DO by the nitrogen gas bubbling method. [22][23][24][25] Thus, the DO was removed in the dispersed sc-CO 2 phase of the emulsion and reduced the influence of the DO.…”

Section: Relationship Between Surface Features and Reaction Time-figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Uniform Ni–P Film Using an Electroless Plating Method with an Emulsion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Uchiyama

Sone

Ishiyama

et al. 2007

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This paper proposes a method for electroless plating by combining supercritical fluid technology and electroless plating in a hybrid technique. The electroless plating reactions are carried out in an emulsion of supercritical carbon dioxide and an electroless plating solution with surfactant. The Ni-P film obtained by this proposed technique was a uniform and conformal film without the pinholes that form from the hydrogen bubbles produced by the electrolysis of water, and without the nodules that form from the nuclear growth on the electroless plating reaction. The dissolution of the hydrogen bubbles in the dense CO 2 particles of the emulsion prevented the pinholes from forming. The formation of nodules might have been prevented by the transport properties of the emulsion with the diffusive dense CO 2 and the suppression of the dissolved oxygen concentration when the oxygen dissolved in the dense CO 2 particles of the emulsion. The Ni-P film fabricated by our technique was smoother and more uniform than the substrate. The roughness of the plated film was constant during film growth, whereas the surface of the film fabricated by conventional electroless plating tended to roughen as the reaction time increased.

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Water, Ultrapure

Hussey¹,

Foutch²,

Ward³

2008

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Definition 2.1. Ionic Purity ‐ Conductivity and Resistivity 2.2. Organic Purity 2.3. Particulate Purity 3. Technologies used for Ultrapure Water Processing 3.1. Ion Exchange Resins 3.1.1. Mixed‐Bed Ion Exchangers 3.1.2. Homogeneous Beds 3.2. Membranes 3.2.1. Reverse Osmosis 3.2.2. Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration 3.2.3. Electrodeionization 3.3. Adsorption ‐ Activated Carbon Beds 3.4. Degasification 3.5. Clarifiers and Chemical Precipitators 3.6. Chemical Chlorine Removal 3.7. Ultraviolet Treatment 3.8. Membrane Contactors 3.9. Piping Materials, Gaskets 4. Analysis 4.1. Ion Chromatography 4.2. pH Measurement 4.3. Conductivity 4.4. Ion‐Selective Electrodes 4.5. Determination of Total Dissolved Solids 4.6. Determination of Total Organic Carbon 4.7. Particle Counters 4.8. Colorimetric Analyzers for Silica and Phosphate 4.9. Dissolved Oxygen Electrodes 4.10. Capillary Electrophoresis 4.11. ORP Chlorine Analyzers 4.12. Nonvolatile Residue Monitors 4.13. Use of On‐line Analyzers and Manually Collected Samples 5. Applications 5.1. Microelectronics Industry 5.2. Pharmaceutical Industry 5.3. Power Industry 5.3.1. Nuclear Power Plants 5.3.2. Fossil Fuel‐Fired Plants 5.4. Chemical Industry 5.4.1. Boiler Feedwater Make‐up 5.4.2. Process Water 6. Future Developments

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Development of Nitrogen Gas Bubbling Deaerator Made of Polyvinyliden Fluoride

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Dynamical Desorption Process of Oxygen on Platinum by Using a Gas Controllable H<SUB>2</SUB> | H<SUP>+</SUP>Electrolyte | Pt Cell

Dynamical Desorption Process of Oxygen on Platinum by Using a Gas Controllable H<SUB>2</SUB> | H<SUP>+</SUP>Electrolyte | Pt Cell

Uniform Ni–P Film Using an Electroless Plating Method with an Emulsion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Water, Ultrapure

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