Development of nonuniform transmission line protection for accurate distance protection: Computational analysis of an adaptive distance relay characteristic

Abstract

Numerical distance relays are used in modern power system to boost the performance and reduce the computational burden of relay. Quadrilateral zone of distance relay is more suitable and capable of boundary modification on protection scheme. In this paper, an adaptive distance relay is introduced to tackle the maloperation problems encountered in non-uniform structure of combined transmission system, in which the zone 1 of distance relay is modified. Two boundaries are modified with fifth degree of polynomial equation for quadrilateral zone characteristic. Appropriate objective functions are defined to minimize the increment in relay zone, maloperation rate, and boundary accuracy error. The multiobjective optimization problem is solved by using genetic algorithm. According to the extensive computational analysis results performed by MATLAB, the high accuracy of the proposed adaptive relay was achieved. Furthermore, the proposed method has the ability to encompass all faults and tackles the influence of various power system conditions by finding the optimized equation coefficients for the nonuniform structures.

Transmission Line Distance Protection Algorithm Based on Bayesian Inference

“…e authors of [2], for instance, propose in their research an algorithm based on solving an optimization problem that constructs an optimal zone for the protection of series-compensated lines. Reference [3], on the other hand, proposes an adaptive quadrilateral impedance zone whose boundaries are modified according to the results of a multioptimization problem solved through a genetic algorithm. In general, optimization-based protection algorithms constitute a trendy research line in the contemporary literature [4], and algorithms such as those proposed in the cited references may be advantageous as they allow the construction of adaptive protection zones rather than using predetermined fixed zones such as Mho or quadrilateral characteristics.…”

“…e methods presented in [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] are examples of distance protection solutions that work with voltage and current phasors, estimated from the field measurements performed by the protection apparatus. Phasor-based protection solutions are the most common in commercial devices because of the low computational burden and effectiveness.…”

Enhancing the reliability of six‐phase transmission line protection using power quality informatics with real‐time validation

“…Another challenge with regard to providing protection for nonlinear loads concerns distinguishing between dynamic encroachment events such as sudden load switching from symmetrical fault conditions. The similar current and voltage following encroachment events and symmetrical faults cause conventional overcurrent and distance relays to maloperate during sudden change in loading conditions, by either failing to trip for a fault or tripping under healthy condition …”

“…The similar current and voltage following encroachment events and symmetrical faults cause conventional overcurrent and distance relays to maloperate during sudden change in loading conditions, by either failing to trip for a fault or tripping under healthy condition. 17,18 Motivated by the effectiveness of the six-phase system in meeting enhanced power demand, the present works aims at development of a reliable protection scheme for a six-phase system, which can operate satisfactorily under varying linear/nonlinear loading and different power system contingencies. A novel scheme based on the online estimation of power quality informatics has been proposed in this paper.…”