Development of Poliovirus Having Increased Resistance to Chlorine Inactivation

Bates, Robert C.; Shaffer, Peter T. B.; Sutherland, Susan M.

doi:10.1128/aem.34.6.849-853.1977

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, there remains the possibility of viral adaptation to new environmental conditions. In this context, Bates et al (28) described the development of poliovirus having increased resistance to chlorine inactivation. Clearly, much remains to be learned about the mechanism of viral inactivation by and viral resistance to disinfectants.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Viral Resistance To Antiseptics and Disinfectantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance

McDonnell¹,

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Antiseptics and disinfectants are extensively used in hospitals and other health care settings for a variety of topical and hard-surface applications. A wide variety of active chemical agents (biocides) are found in these products, many of which have been used for hundreds of years, including alcohols, phenols, iodine, and chlorine. Most of these active agents demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; however, little is known about the mode of action of these agents in comparison to antibiotics. This review considers what is known about the mode of action and spectrum of activity of antiseptics and disinfectants. The widespread use of these products has prompted some speculation on the development of microbial resistance, in particular whether antibiotic resistance is induced by antiseptics or disinfectants. Known mechanisms of microbial resistance (both intrinsic and acquired) to biocides are reviewed, with emphasis on the clinical implications of these reports.

show abstract

Section: Mechanisms Of Viral Resistance To Antiseptics and Disinfectantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance

McDonnell¹,

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Shaffer et al (31) recently demonstrated that poliovirus isolates obtained from fully treated, chlorinated drinking water were several orders of magnitude more resistant to free chlorine than two stock laboratory strains which were used for comparison. Furthermore, evidence has been reported which suggests that repeated exposure of poliovirus 1, strain LSc, to sublethal concentrations of chlorine may lead to physiological or genetic selection for increased resistance to this halogen (3). Some proposed mechanisms by which bacteria and viruses may develop resistance to chlorine include: (i) modification of cell surface structures which may lead to increased aggregation or clumping of cells in situ (11), (ii) microbial adhesion to pipe surfaces or to suspended particulate matter such as detritus or clay particles (34), (iii) extrusion of protective extracellular capsular or slime layers (30), and (iv) formation of resistant spores (14,16,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine resistance patterns of bacteria from two drinking water distribution systems

Ridgway¹,

Olson²

1982

Appl Environ Microbiol

221

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent laboratory studies have shown that poliovirus 1, strain LSc, will exhibit progressively greater resistance to inactivation by chlorine after repeatedly exposing the virus to sublethal doses of chlorine followed by growth of the survivors in cell cultures (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine resistance of poliovirus isolants recovered from drinking water

Shaffer¹,

Metcalf²,

Sproul³

1980

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poliovirus 1 isolants were recovered from finished drinking water produced by a modern, well-operated water treatment plant. These waters contained free chlorine residuals in excess of 1 mg/liter. The chlorine inactivation of purified high-titer preparations of two such isolants was compared with the inactivation behavior of two stock strains of poliovirus 1, LSc and Mahoney. The surviving fraction of virus derived from the two natural isolants was shown to be orders of magnitude greater than that of the standard strains. These results raise the question whether indirect drinking water standards based on free chlorine residuals are adequate public health measures, or whether direct standards based on virus determinations might be necessary.

show abstract

Development of Poliovirus Having Increased Resistance to Chlorine Inactivation

Abstract: A laboratory strain of poliovirus (LSc) became progressively more resistant to chlorine inactivation during a series of repeated sublethal exposures to the halogen.

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance

Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action, and Resistance

Chlorine resistance patterns of bacteria from two drinking water distribution systems

Chlorine resistance of poliovirus isolants recovered from drinking water

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About