Development of spike protein-based fluorescence lateral flow assay for the simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgM and IgG

Abstract

The pandemic outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still spreading rapidly and poses a great threat to...

Rapid and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in serum using optofluidic point-of-care testing fluorescence biosensor

“…Several studies showed that the IgG concentration ranged between 1.4 and 4200 μg/mL in COVID-19 patients' serum, and the neutralization antibodies concentration should be higher than 1.0 μg/mL to ensure the effective protection [ [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] ]. Therefore, the sensitivity of the OPOCT is adequate for detecting S-IgG in COVID-19 patients’ serum, and was also comparable to those of other immunoassays [ 12 , 20 , 27 , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] ] ( Table S1 ). Compared with the reported works, our method can achieve quantitative detection of IgG with high sensitivity (LOD = 12.5 ng/mL) and relatively short assay time (about 25 min).…”

“…LIFA is a cost-effective, fast and simple analytical technique that is quite suitable for pointing-of-care testing (POCT) diagnostics [ 17 , 18 ]. To improve the sensitivity of conventional LIFA, various nanomaterials have been employed as labels for COVID-19 diagnosis [ 19 , 20 ]. Both CLIA and ELISA can be used for qualitative and quantitative serological testing.…”

Recent Advances in Novel Lateral Flow Technologies for Detection of COVID-19

“…In recent years, fluorescent nanoparticles have been increasingly applied in disease diagnosis and are promising alternative reporters, as their unique chemical and optical properties mean that they have the potential to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays. Many fluorescence nanoparticles were utilized for SARS-CoV-2 detection, including QDs [95], FNDs [96], selenium nanoparticles [65,97], up-converting phosphor particles [98], lanthanide-doped nanoparticles [64], and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanoparticles [66].…”

Nanoelectrokinetic-assisted lateral flow assay for COVID-19 antibody test

“…Research is underway to improve the sensitivity and specificity of LFAs to achieve more accurate and high-performance POCT. Such investigations have primarily focused on assay optimization (reagent and receptor) ( Dighe et al, 2022b , Dighe et al, 2022a ; Garg et al, 2021a , Garg et al, 2021b ; Grant et al, 2020b , Grant et al, 2020a ; Yu et al, 2020b , Yu et al, 2020a ; Zhang et al, 2021b , Zhang et al, 2021a ), signal amplification (chemical enhancement and electrochemistry and fluorescence reader) ( Cheng et al, 2017a , Cheng et al, 2017b ; Wang et al, 2017a , Wang et al, 2017b , 2021b ), and sample enrichment (magnetic separation and electrokinetic pre-concentration) ( Kang et al, 2021b , Kang et al, 2021a ; Wang et al, 2021aa , Wang et al, 2021ba , Wang et al, 2021ab , Wang et al, 2021bb ; Zhou et al, 2021a , Zhou et al, 2021b ) to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity ( Dempsey and Rathod, 2018b , Dempsey and Rathod, 2018a ; Han et al, 2020a , Han et al, 2020b ; Jia et al, 2018b , Jia et al, 2018a ; Li et al, 2019a , Li et al, 2019b ; Loynachan et al, 2018b , Loynachan et al, 2018a ; Mu et al, 2019b , Mu et al, 2019a ; Niu et al, 2020a , Niu et al, 2020b , Niu et al, 2021a , Niu et al, 2021b ; Ojaghi et al, 2018a , Ojaghi et al, 2018b ; Xu et al, 2014a , Xu et al, 2014b ). As one of the sample enrichment techniques, our group described a nanoelectrokinetic (NEK)-based method for sample enrichment on paper, illustrating that bovine serum albumin (BSA) can be preconcentrated by up to five times the initial concentration in serum ( Han et al, 2018b , Han et al, 2018a ; Jeong et al, 2018b , Jeong et al, 2018a ).…”