Development of the embryonic heat shock response and the impact of repeated thermal stress in early stage lake whitefish ( Coregonus clupeaformis ) embryos

Whitehouse, Lindy M.; McDougall, Chance S.; Stefanovic, Daniel I.; Boreham, Douglas R.; Somers, Christopher M.; Wilson, Joanna Y.; Manzon, Richard G.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.08.013

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Further, HSPs and other co-chaperones were downregulated in each of the other treatments, albeit not at a proportionally high level. Expression of several HSPs (Hsp90α/Hsp90aa1, Hsp90β/Hsp90aab1, Hsp47/Serpine1, and Hsp70/Hspa1a) was downregulated in lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) embryos that received 1 h of thermal stress (+6 or +9 • C) repeated every 6 days from 15 to 75 days postfertilization (Whitehouse et al, 2017). The authors suggest that the HSP downregulation may be due to an increased pool of HSPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Response to Extreme Summer Temperatures Differs Between Two Genetically Differentiated Populations of a Coral Reef Fish

et al. 2018

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Extreme thermal events are increasing in frequency and duration as the climate continues to warm, with potential detrimental effects on marine organisms. However, the effects of heatwaves may differ among geographically separated populations depending on their capacity for thermal plasticity. Here, we compared the response to simulated summer heatwave temperatures (+1.5 and +3.0 • C above average) in two populations of a coral reef damselfish with different capacities for thermal plasticity. We found that the more thermally tolerant population had greater plasticity of gene expression and had significantly more downregulated genes, which may provide more energy to repair damage associated with thermal stress and to maintain basic functions at these extreme temperatures. In contrast, the thermally sensitive population exhibited higher basal levels of heat shock proteins and had three times fewer changes in gene expression overall. The limited changes in gene regulation suggest that individuals have reduced genome plasticity to tolerate thermal fluctuations and consequently may not have enough energy to repair damage and resume cellular homeostasis at extreme temperatures. Thus, we have identified the molecular signatures of how two genetically distinct fish populations cope with an extreme thermal event, and why they differ in their capacity for thermal plasticity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular Response to Extreme Summer Temperatures Differs Between Two Genetically Differentiated Populations of a Coral Reef Fish

et al. 2018

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“…Treatments that experienced the warmer temperature during embryogenesis had a significantly higher CTMax at the fry stage, and this was particularly evident in embryos that experienced the late warm treatment. Stage-specific responses and sensitivity to higher temperatures during development could be influenced by differences in cellular stress defence mechanisms such as the heat shock protein response, which can vary over development ( Whitehouse et al , 2017 ). Similar studies in other ectotherms, including invertebrates ( Healy et al , 2019 ) and amphibians ( Mueller et al , 2019 ) also found increases in the thermal tolerance of later life stages after exposure to warm temperatures during development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential sensitivity to warming and hypoxia during development and long-term effects of developmental exposure in early life stage Chinook salmon

Rio

Mukai

Martin

et al. 2021

Conservation Physiology

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Warming and hypoxia are two stressors commonly found within natural salmon redds that are likely to co-occur. Warming and hypoxia can interact physiologically, but their combined effects during fish development remain poorly studied, particularly stage-specific effects and potential carry-over effects. To test the impacts of warm water temperature and hypoxia as individual and combined developmental stressors, late fall-run Chinook salmon embryos were reared in 10 treatments from fertilization through hatching with two temperatures [10°C (ambient) and 14°C (warm)], two dissolved oxygen saturation levels [normoxia (100% air saturation, 10.4–11.4 mg O2/l) and hypoxia (50% saturation, 5.5 mg O2/l)] and three exposure times (early [eyed stage], late [silver-eyed stage] and chronic [fertilization through hatching]). After hatching, all treatments were transferred to control conditions (10°C and 100% air saturation) through the fry stage. To study stage-specific effects of stressor exposure we measured routine metabolic rate (RMR) at two embryonic stages, hatching success and growth. To evaluate carry-over effects, where conditions during one life stage influence performance in a later stage, RMR of all treatments was measured in control conditions at two post-hatch stages and acute stress tolerance was measured at the fry stage. We found evidence of stage-specific effects of both stressors during exposure and carry-over effects on physiological performance. Both individual stressors affected RMR, growth and developmental rate while multiple stressors late in development reduced hatching success. RMR post-hatch showed persistent effects of embryonic stressor exposure that may underlie differences observed in developmental timing and acute stress tolerance. The responses to stressors that varied by stage during development suggest that stage-specific management efforts could support salmon embryo survival. The persistent carry-over effects also indicate that considering sub-lethal effects of developmental stressor exposure may be important to understanding how climate change influences the performance of salmon across life stages.

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“…, Moniruzzaman et al 2017). Repeated embryonic thermal stress has also been found to reduce or down-regulate subsequent hsp 70 responses to acute heat shock in whitefish (Whitehouse et al 2017). Short-term heat exposure of the early Atlantic cod blastula, and long-term heat exposure to the embryo, both result in up-regulation of hsp 70 (Skjærven et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Developmental Stress Affects Subsequent Gene Expression Response to an Acute Stress in Atlantic Salmon: An Approach for Creating Robust Fish for Aquaculture?

Robinson

Johnsen

Moghadam

et al. 2019

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Stress during early life has potential to program and alter the response to stressful events and metabolism in later life. Repeated short exposure of Atlantic salmon to cold water and air during embryonic (E), post-hatch (PH) or both phases of development (EPH) has been shown to alter the methylome and transcriptome and to affect growth performance during later life compared to untreated controls (CO). The aim of this study was to investigate how the transcriptome of these fish responds to subsequent acute stress at the start feeding stage, and to describe methylation differences that might steer these changes. EPH treated fish showed the strongest down-regulation of corticotropin releasing factor 1, up-regulation of glucocorticoid receptor and 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2 gene expression and a suppressed cortisol response 3 hr after the acute stress, differences that could influence hormesis and be affecting how EPH fish cope and recover from the stress event. Growth hormone 2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 were more strongly down-regulated following acute stress in EPH treated fish relative to E, PH and CO fish. This indicates switching away from growth toward coping with stress following stressful events in EPH fish. Genes implicated in immune function such as major histocompatibility class 1A, T-cell receptor and toll-like receptor also responded to acute stress differently in EPH treated fish, indicating that repeated stresses during early life may affect robustness. Differential DNA methylation was detected in regions mapping <500 bases from genes differentially responding to acute stress suggesting the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms. Stress treatments applied during early development therefore have potential as a husbandry tool for boosting the productivity of aquaculture by affecting how fish respond to stresses at critical stages of production.

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Development of the embryonic heat shock response and the impact of repeated thermal stress in early stage lake whitefish ( Coregonus clupeaformis ) embryos

Cited by 21 publications

References 56 publications

Molecular Response to Extreme Summer Temperatures Differs Between Two Genetically Differentiated Populations of a Coral Reef Fish

Molecular Response to Extreme Summer Temperatures Differs Between Two Genetically Differentiated Populations of a Coral Reef Fish

Differential sensitivity to warming and hypoxia during development and long-term effects of developmental exposure in early life stage Chinook salmon

Early Developmental Stress Affects Subsequent Gene Expression Response to an Acute Stress in Atlantic Salmon: An Approach for Creating Robust Fish for Aquaculture?

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