Development of the Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL)

Abstract

We developed the 33-item Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL), which consisted of five subscales to assess emotions (Fear, Anger, Sadness, Disgust, and Happiness) and four subscales to assess arousal (Energetic arousal + Energetic arousal -, Tense arousal+, and Tense arousal -). This checklist was developed to assess psychological state, both at a given moment and during the past week. In Study 1, confirmatory factor analyses identified nine subscales, whose internal consistency was indicated by their reliability. In Study 2, the EACL's validity was demonstrated by its correlation with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Multiple Mood Scale, General Arousal Checklist, Japanese UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist, and Profile of Mood States. In Study 3, changes caused by tasks that involved either reading emotion-inducing articles or performing a calculation indicated the validity of the EACL for measuring psychological state at a given moment. Further, the test-retest reliability of the EACL for assessing psychological state during the past week was confirmed. These studies confirmed the reliability and the validity of the EACL.

Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Applying Topic Modeling in Daily Life Descriptions

“…Participants were asked to what extent they currently felt each feeling. Items for fear were “fearful,” “frightened,” “scared,” and “anxious.” Items for anger were “angry,” “irritated,” “grumpy,” and “edgy.” Items for sadness were “sad,” “gloomy,” “depressed,” and “overwhelmed.” Items for disgust were “disgusting,” “uncomfortable,” “unpleasant,” and “bored.” Evidence in support of the reliability and validity of the EACL was found in Japanese samples (Oda et al, 2015 ). The internal consistency reliabilities of the negative affect in the current study were α = 0.92 for fear, α = 0.93 for anger, α = 0.92 for sadness, and α = 0.92 for disgust.…”

“…The internal consistency reliabilities of the negative affect in the current study were α = 0.92 for fear, α = 0.93 for anger, α = 0.92 for sadness, and α = 0.92 for disgust. Evidence in support of the reliability and validity of the EACL was found in Japanese samples (Oda et al, 2015 ).…”

“…We assessed negative affect using the Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL) developed by Oda et al ( 2015 ). We used four subscales to assess negative affect (fear, anger, sadness, and disgust), with four items each.…”

Temporal distancing during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Letter writing with future self can mitigate negative affect

“…We assessed negative and positive affect using the Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL) developed by Oda et al. (2015). This scale has 33 items comprising five subscales used to assess emotions (fear, anger, sadness, disgust, and happiness) and four subscales to assess arousal (energy, lethargy, easiness, and tension) rated on a 4‐point Likert scale ranging from 0 (“strongly disagree”) to 3 (“strongly agree”).…”

Temporal Distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Letter Writing with Future Self can Mitigate Negative Affect

“…We assessed negative and positive affect using the Emotion and Arousal Checklist (EACL) developed by Oda et al (2015). This scale has 33 items, comprising five subscales used to assess emotions (fear, anger, sadness, disgust, and happiness) and four subscales to assess arousal (energy, lethargy, easiness, and tension) rated on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("strongly disagree") to 4 ("strongly agree").…”