Development of the hard x-ray monitor onboard WF-MAXI

Arimoto, M.; Yatsu, Yoichi; Kawai, N.; Ikeda, Hirokazu; Harayama, Atsushi; Takeda, Shin’ichiro; Takahashi, Tadayuki; Tomida, H.; Ueno, S.; Kimura, Masashi; Mihara, T.; Serino, M.; Tsunemi, H.; Yoshida, A.; Sakamoto, T.; Kohmura, Tadayoshi; Negoro, H.; Ueda, Yoshihiro

doi:10.1117/12.2054942

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In addition, GAGG:Ce has an extremely low internal background; thus, it has been widely used in various applications related to highenergy astrophysics, molecular imaging for medical use, gamma-ray monitoring of environmental radioactive substances, etc. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The major properties of GAGG:Ce and other typical inorganic scintillators (e.g., NaI:Tl, CsI:Tl, Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (BGO), Gd 2 SiO 5 :Ce (GSO), etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of GAGG:Ce scintillators for future space applications

et al. 2018

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Cerium-doped Gd3(Ga, Al)5O12 (GAGG:Ce) is a promising novel scintillator for gamma-ray detectors. While GAGG:Ce has already been implemented in various commercial products, its detailed characteristics and response to high-energy particles and gamma rays remain unknown. In particular, knowledge is lacking on the radiation tolerance of this scintillator against the gamma-ray and proton irradiation expected in future space satellite mission applications. In this study, we first investigate the light-yield energy dependence, energy resolution, decay time, radiation tolerance, and afterglow of GAGG:Ce scintillators under various temperature conditions. We find excellent linearity of ±3% between light yields and deposited energy over a wide range of 30–1836 keV; however, a light-yield deficit of more than 10% is observed below 30 keV of deposited gamma ray energy. We confirm that the temperature dependence of the light yield, energy resolution, and scintillation decay time is within 5–20% between −20 and 20 ̂C. We also evaluate the GAGG:Ce activation characteristics under proton irradiation and the light-yield degradation by accumulated dose using a 60Co source. Moreover, we successfully identify various gamma-ray lines due to activation. Finally, we find a substantial afterglow for GAGG:Ce scintillators over a few hours; such an afterglow is only minimally observed in other scintillators such as CsI:Tl and Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO). However, the afterglow can be substantially reduced through additional co-doping with divalent metal ions, such as Mg ions. These results suggest that GAGG:Ce is a promising scintillator with potential application in space satellite missions in the near future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of GAGG:Ce scintillators for future space applications

et al. 2018

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“…The TT02 is a revision of a previous ASIC, TT01APD32 (henceforth TT01, [8]). The TT01 has several problems and their related remedies in the TT02 are as follows:…”

Section: Improvement From Tt01mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a 32-channel ASIC for an X-ray APD detector onboard the ISS

Arimoto

Harita

Sugita

et al. 2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We report on the design and performance of a mixed-signal application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) dedicated to avalanche photodiodes (APDs) in order to detect hard X-ray emissions in a wide energy band onboard the International Space Station. To realize wide-band detection from 20 keV to 1 MeV, we use Ce:GAGG scintillators, each coupled to an APD, with low-noise front-end electronics capable of achieving a minimum energy detection threshold of 20 keV. The developed ASIC has the ability to read out 32-channel APD signals using 0.35 µm CMOS technology, and an analog amplifier at the input stage is designed to suppress the capacitive noise primarily arising from the large detector capacitance of the APDs. The ASIC achieves a performance of 2099 e − + 1.5 e − /pF at root mean square (RMS) with a wide 300 fC dynamic range. Coupling a reverse-type APD with a Ce:GAGG scintillator, we obtain an energy resolution of 6.7% (FWHM) at 662 keV and a minimum detectable energy of tolerance for space applications by using a 90 MeV proton beam, confirming that the ASIC is free of single-event effects and can operate properly without serious degradation in analog and digital processing.

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Development of the hard x-ray monitor onboard WF-MAXI

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluation of GAGG:Ce scintillators for future space applications

Evaluation of GAGG:Ce scintillators for future space applications

Development of a 32-channel ASIC for an X-ray APD detector onboard the ISS

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