Development of the perceptual span in reading: A longitudinal study

Sperlich, Anja; Meixner, Johannes; Laubrock, Jochen

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2016.02.007

Cited by 49 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Similar results were documented for Finnish (Häikiö, Bertram, Hyönä, & Niemi, 2009) and German (Sperlich, Schad, & Laubrock, 2015). In the first longitudinal study on the development of the perceptual span, Sperlich, Meixner, and Laubrock (2016) demonstrated that the transition from synthetic letter-based to whole word reading coincides with a critical increase in the perceptual span in German elementary school students. Arguably, beginning readers have to devote more attention to foveal processing, leading to decreased efficiency in the processing of upcoming parafoveal words (Henderson & Ferreira, 1990;Schad & Engbert, 2012;Yan, 2015).…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Perceptual Span in Oral Reading: The Case of Chinese

Pan

Yan

Laubrock

2017

Scientific Studies of Reading

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The present study explores the perceptual span, that is, the physical extent of the area from which useful visual information is obtained during a single fixation, during oral reading of Chinese sentences. Characters outside a window of legible text were replaced by visually similar characters. Results show that the influence of window size on the perceptual span was consistent across different fixation and oculomotor measures. To maintain normal reading behavior when reading aloud, it was necessary to have information provided from three characters to the right of the fixation. Together with findings from previous research, our findings suggest that the physical size of the perceptual span is smaller when reading aloud than in silent reading. This is in agreement with previous studies in English, suggesting that the mechanisms causing the reduced span in oral reading have a common base that generalizes across languages and writing systems.

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supporting

confidence: 77%

Perceptual Span in Oral Reading: The Case of Chinese

Pan

Yan

Laubrock

2017

Scientific Studies of Reading

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“…A final possibility is that adults may engage in parafoveal processing to a greater extent compared to children. Previous studies with the moving window paradigm (McConkie & Rayner, 1975) have shown that the perceptual span in children increases with reading instruction (Häikiö, Bertram, Hyönä, & Niemi, 2009;Rayner, 1986;Sperlich, Meixner, & Laubrock, 2016),…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the costs of degraded parafoveal previews during silent reading?

Vasilev¹,

Slattery²,

Kirkby³

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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It has been suggested that the preview benefit effect is actually a combination of preview benefit and preview costs. Marx et al. (2015) proposed that visually degrading the parafoveal preview reduces the costs associated with traditional parafoveal letter masks used in the boundary paradigm (Rayner, 1975), thus leading to a more neutral baseline. We report 2 experiments of skilled adults reading silently. In Experiment 1, we found no compelling evidence that degraded previews reduced processing costs associated with traditional letter masks. Moreover, participants were highly sensitive to detecting degraded display changes. Experiment 2 used the boundary detection paradigm (Slattery, Angele, & Rayner, 2011) to explore whether participants were capable of detecting actual letter changes or if they were responding purely to changes in degradation. Half of the participants were instructed to respond to any noticed display changes; the other half were instructed to respond only to changes in letter identities. Participants were highly sensitive to degraded changes. In fact, these changes were so apparent that they reduced the sensitivity to letter masks. In the context of the model proposed by Angele, Slattery, and Rayner (2016), we suggest that degraded previews interfere with the attentional stage, as evidenced by the general lack of foveal load effects. In summary, we found that increasingly degrading parafoveal letter masks does not reduce their processing costs in adults, but that both degraded valid and invalid previews introduce additional costs in terms of greater display change awareness. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…Roughly speaking, this means they acquire information about the word they are fixating and about two words to its right (including information about the boundaries between words). The perceptual span can vary, however, as a function of reading expertise and the script that is being read [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. For instance, span size is smaller for beginning and dyslexic readers compared to skilled adult readers, and for readers of dense scripts like Chinese compared to English.…”

Section: Aging Effects On the Perceptual Spanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Normative Aging on Eye Movements during Reading

Paterson

McGowan

Warrington

et al. 2020

Vision

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Substantial progress has been made in understanding the mostly detrimental effects of normative aging on eye movements during reading. This article provides a review of research on aging effects on eye movements during reading for different writing systems (i.e., alphabetic systems like English compared to non-alphabetic systems like Chinese), focused on appraising the importance of visual and cognitive factors, considering key methodological issues, and identifying vital questions that need to be addressed and topics for further investigation.

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Development of the perceptual span in reading: A longitudinal study

Cited by 49 publications

References 53 publications

Perceptual Span in Oral Reading: The Case of Chinese

Perceptual Span in Oral Reading: The Case of Chinese

What are the costs of degraded parafoveal previews during silent reading?

Effects of Normative Aging on Eye Movements during Reading

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