Development of the Referee Shared Mental Models Measure (RSMMM)

Abstract

The concept of shared mental models refers to the shared understanding among team members about how they should behave in different situations. This article aimed to develop a new shared mental model measure, specifically designed for the refereeing context. A cross-sectional study was conducted with three samples: national and regional football referees (n = 133), national football referees and assistant referees and national futsal referees (n = 277), and national futsal referees (n = 60). The proposed version of the Referee Shared Mental Models Measure (RSMMM) has 13 items that are reflected on a single factor structure. The RSMMM presented good validity evidence both based on the internal structure and based on relations to other variables (presenting positive associations with team work engagement, team adaptive performance, and team effectiveness). Such promising psychometric properties point to an optimistic outlook regarding its use to measure shared mental models in futsal and football referee teams.

Coordinating Mechanisms Are More Important Than Team Processes for Geographically Dispersed Emergency Dispatch and Paramedic Teams

“…The main finding of shared mental model being the only predictor of performance lends some support also from studies using a related research approach. Shared mental model is characterized by a shared understanding in the team of tasks, procedures, team members and equipment ( Jonker et al, 2011 ; Sinval et al, 2020 ). The shared understanding approach shows similar characteristics and refers to the degree to which people concur on the interpretation of significant concepts, when sharing a perspective (mutual agreement) or can act in a coordinated manner ( Agredo-Delgado et al, 2020 ).…”

Evaluating the Application of the Mental Model Mapping Tool (M-Tool)

“…Each discussed relation between one driver and another or the Nile perch was coded, with the strength of the influence coded when discussions indicated a strength of the connection ( Sinval et al, 2020 ). However, only a few discussions of the relations indicated the strength of the connection, and therefore, the connection strength was omitted from further analysis.…”

“…Since mental model complexity has consistently been found to correlate with participants’ level of education using established mental model methods, education should also correlate with M-Tool mental models complexity if this is a valid method for mental model elicitation. Relating theoretically relevant constructs to validate a new measure is often part of the construct validation process in the domain of personality psychology ( Edens and McDermott, 2010 ; Leary et al, 2013 ) and has been employed to assess the construct validity of other mental model elicitation methods ( Kearney and Kaplan, 1997 ; Sinval et al, 2020 ).…”