Development of the tin oxide pH electrode by the sputtering method

Pan, Chung-We; Chou, Jung-Chuan; Sun, Tai‐Ping; Hsiung, Shen‐Kan

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2004.11.033

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A configuration of a SnO 2 /ITO/glass substrate was studied [17,[27][28][29][30]. The SnO 2 /ITO/glass substrate comprises two elements-indium tin oxide (ITO) that was supplied by the Wintek Corporation, and SnO 2 thin films, which was prepared using a radio frequency (r.f.)…”

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SnO 2 /ITO/glass substrate comprises two elements-indium tin oxide (ITO) that was supplied by the Wintek Corporation, and SnO 2 thin films, which was prepared using a radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering system in mixed sputtering gases, which were deposited on an ITO glass substrate at a substrate temperature of 150 • C. Based on the research [30], the deposition conditions were employed as fabricating the SnO 2 /ITO glass electrode by the sputtering method, whose O 2 gas concentration was 20% and deposition pressure was 20 mTorr. According to the XPS spectrum of the SnO 2 thin film [30], the signals at the binding energy values corresponded to Sn 3d 3/2 and Sn 3d 5/2 levels, and the resistance distribution of the SnO 2 films was uniform with a mean resistivity of 18.34 /sq [28].…”

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…sputtering system in mixed sputtering gases, which were deposited on an ITO glass substrate at a substrate temperature of 150 • C. Based on the research [30], the deposition conditions were employed as fabricating the SnO 2 /ITO glass electrode by the sputtering method, whose O 2 gas concentration was 20% and deposition pressure was 20 mTorr. According to the XPS spectrum of the SnO 2 thin film [30], the signals at the binding energy values corresponded to Sn 3d 3/2 and Sn 3d 5/2 levels, and the resistance distribution of the SnO 2 films was uniform with a mean resistivity of 18.34 /sq [28]. Based on the optimum sputtering conditions [26,30], the thickness of the SnO 2 thin film is around 200 nm, the sensitivity is about 59.17 mV/pH, and response time is less than 1 s.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the XPS spectrum of the SnO 2 thin film [30], the signals at the binding energy values corresponded to Sn 3d 3/2 and Sn 3d 5/2 levels, and the resistance distribution of the SnO 2 films was uniform with a mean resistivity of 18.34 /sq [28]. Based on the optimum sputtering conditions [26,30], the thickness of the SnO 2 thin film is around 200 nm, the sensitivity is about 59.17 mV/pH, and response time is less than 1 s.…”

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Differential type solid-state urea biosensors based on ion-selective electrodes

Chou

Sun

et al. 2008

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Ammonium Ion-selective Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Differential type solid-state urea biosensors based on ion-selective electrodes

Chou

Sun

et al. 2008

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…The calibration curve was drawn based on different ranges of pH -mV values in order to find out the optimal pH range for the new pH microelectrode. The calibration curve exhibited that pH range of 0 -14 could be determined by the iridium oxide film modified microelectrode, which is more wider than PVC -PPy pH electrode (pH 3 -12) [28], tin oxide pH electrode (pH 2 -12) [29], polyaniline-based pH nanoelectrode (pH 2 -12.5) [30], pH sensor based on deposited film of lead oxide on aluminum substrate electrode (pH 1 -12) [31] and screen-printable sol-gel ceramic carbon composite pH sensor (1 -12) [32]. The response of the modified microelectrode demonstrated a super-Nernstian response resulting in a sensitivity of 71.93 mV/pH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Developing an Iridium Oxide Film Modified Microelectrode for Microscale Measurement of pH

Fang

2007

Electroanalysis

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Iridium oxide film modified microelectrode was fabricated by anodic oxidation method onto the tip of an etched iridium wire in diluted sulfuric acid solution by cyclic voltammetry. The iridium oxide film microelectrode exhibited very promising pH sensing performance, with an ideal Nernstian in the tested pH range of 0 to 14. This method for preparing microelectrode allowed accurately control of the deposited amount and the rate of the iridium oxide film growth. The electrodes demonstrated advantages of long lifetime, good selectivity and fast response with a relative time less than 0.2 s for pH changes in a large scale. The microelectrode was not interfered by a wide variety of inorganic ions and organic compounds. Furthermore, the electrodes were successfully applied to the measurement of pH in microscale of apples.

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Inkjet Printing of a Highly Loaded Palladium Ink for Integrated, Low‐Cost pH Sensors

Qin

Alam

Howlader

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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An inkjet printing process for depositing palladium (Pd) thin films from a highly loaded ink (>14 wt%) is reported. The viscosity and surface tension of a Pd-organic precursor solution is adjusted using toluene to form a printable and stable ink. A two-step thermolysis process is developed to convert the printed ink to continuous and uniform Pd films with good adhesion to different substrates. Using only one printing pass, a low electrical resistivity of 2.6 μΩ m of the Pd film is obtained. To demonstrate the electrochemical pH sensing application, the surfaces of the printed Pd films are oxidized for ion-to-electron transduction and the underlying layer is left for electron conduction. Then, solid-state reference electrodes are integrated beside the bifunctional Pd electrodes by inkjet printing. These potentiometric sensors have sensitivities of 60.6 ± 0.1 and 57 ± 0.6 mV pH −1 on glass and polyimide substrates, and short response times of 11 and 6 s, respectively. Also, accurate pH values of real water samples are obtained by using the printed sensors with a low-cost multimeter. These results indicate that the facile and cost-effective inkjet printing and integration techniques may be applied in fabricating future electrochemical monitoring systems for environmental parameters and human health conditions. DOI IntroductionInkjet printing is an easy-to-use and low-cost approach to simultaneously deposit and pattern thin film materials from solutions. This technology can produce structures with fine patterns, consumes a small amount of materials, does not need complicated equipment, and is compatible with largearea processing lines for flexible and non-planar substrates. [1] Numerous applications, for example, high-resolution electrodes, [2,3] field-effect transistors, [4] solar cells, [5] light-emitting devices, [6] bio/chemical sensors, [7] and bio-printed tissues, [8] were enabled by using inkjet printing technology. In these electron transfer in the high-resistance films results in a poor sensing performance. [23] One method to reduce the resistance is to print the lightly loaded ink using multiple passes, but this is time-consuming. [15] Alternatively, highly loaded Pd inks and their inkjet printing processes can be developed to deposit continuous, homogenous, and conductive Pd films using a single print pass, thus making it a fast film deposition technique.In this work, we developed an ink loaded with >14 wt% Pd for inkjet printing. The inkjet printing process for such ink is optimized for the deposition of continuous, uniform and lowresistivity thin films with good adhesion to the underlying substrates. Utilizing this ink and printing process, we demonstrate the practical and cost-effective fabrication of an integrated pH sensing platform on both rigid and flexible substrates. Bifunctional sensing electrodes are fabricated by oxidizing the printed Pd. The PdO-rich surfaces function as pH sensing layers and the conductive portion beneath the surfaces are electron conduction paths. Solid-state reference elec...

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Development of the tin oxide pH electrode by the sputtering method

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Differential type solid-state urea biosensors based on ion-selective electrodes

Differential type solid-state urea biosensors based on ion-selective electrodes

Developing an Iridium Oxide Film Modified Microelectrode for Microscale Measurement of pH

Inkjet Printing of a Highly Loaded Palladium Ink for Integrated, Low‐Cost pH Sensors

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