Development of UHPC Mixtures Utilizing Natural and Industrial Waste Materials as Partial Replacements of Silica Fume and Sand

Abstract

In the exploratory study presented in this paper, an attempt was made to develop different mixtures of ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) using various locally available natural and industrial waste materials as partial replacements of silica fume and sand. Materials such as natural pozzolana (NP), fly ash (FA), limestone powder (LSP), cement kiln dust (CKD), and pulverized steel slag (PSS), all of which are abundantly available in Saudi Arabia at little or no cost, were employed in the development of the UHPC mixtures. A base mixture of UHPC without replacement of silica fume or sand was selected and a total of 24 trial mixtures of UHPC were prepared using different percentages of NP, FA, LSP, CKD, and PSS, partially replacing the silica fume and sand. Flow and 28-d compressive strength of each UHPC mixture were determined to finally select those mixtures, which satisfied the minimum flow and strength criteria of UHPC. The test results showed that the utilization of NP, FA, LSP, CKD, and PSS in production of UHPC is possible with acceptable flow and strength. A total of 10 UHPC mixtures were identified with flow and strength equal to or more than the minimum required.

The Role of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) in Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC): A Review

“…When CS content increases up to 16% of the binder, the compressive strength of UHPC increases by 3.1% at 90 days. Ahmadm et al studied the effect of using industrial waste materials like PSS to replace parts of SF [ 49 ]. When replacing 20% of SF, the compressive strength of UHPC can still reach 161 MPa at 28 days, which is the same as that of the reference specimen with SF only and flow diameter slightly decreased, but it was still within the acceptable range.…”

“…As a pozzolanic material, it is known that FA increases the late age strength of conventional cementitious material. The usage of FA can reduce CO 2 emissions [ 55 , 66 ] and decrease the production cost and energy of concrete [ 41 , 49 , 53 , 55 ]. In recent years, many researchers have focused on developing new UHPC mixtures with locally available FA because substituting cement and/or SF with FA can reduce environmental impacts.…”

“…It has been shown that the UHPC with FA exhibits a lower compressive strength than those of reference specimens. Ahmad et al replaced a part of SF with FA, and found that using FA to substitute the SF to up to 11.8% of the binder slightly decreases the compressive strength by 1.9% compared to the reference specimen at 28 days [ 49 ]. Although FA degrades the compressive strength of UHPC, the value is higher than the minimum requirement of 150 MPa and the usage of FA can reduce the cost of UHPC.…”

Effect of FC3R on the properties of ultra-high-performance concrete with recycled glass

“…Recycled glass powder, fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue and limestone powder are some of the supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) that can be used as a partial substitution of Portland cement in UHPC [12,[19][20][21]. There are several UHPC mixture proportions from the literature using glass powder or limestone powder as a component of UHPC's binder.…”

“…Using various locally available materials in Saudi Arabia, such as limestone powder. Ahmad et al [20] showed the possibility of partial substitution of cement and silica fume without affecting the rheological and mechanical properties of UHPC. Even nano-CaCO3 was used as a component of the binder [23].…”