Development of Vitamin a-Rich Lipid Droplets in Multivesicular Bodies of Rat Liver Stellate Cells

Wake, Kanako

doi:10.1083/jcb.63.2.683

Cited by 122 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gold chloride-positive cells were demonstrated also in the transverse section of the intestine showing a part of the typhlosole (data not shown). Under the electron microscope these cells in the lamina propria mucosae that emitted autofluorescence of vitamin A and reacted with gold chloride contained membrane-bound and non-membranebound lipid droplets (Wake, 1974) in their cytoplasm (Fig. 12).…”

Section: Light and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12. An electron micrograph showing membrane-bound (type I, A1) and non-membrane-bound (type II, A2) lipid droplets (Wake, 1974) in a cell (SC) in the lamina propria of the intestine. NF, unmyelinated nerve fiber.…”

Section: Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the liver of vertebrates, vitamin A (retinol and retinyl esters) is stored in hepatic stellate cells that were first described by von Kupffer (1876) and Rothe (1882), who used the classical gold chloride method (Wake, 1964(Wake, , 1971(Wake, , 1974(Wake, , 1980(Wake, , 1982. The stellate cells are distributed in the space between the sinusoidal endothelial cells and the hepatic parenchymal cells and contain characteristically a number of lipid droplets that store retinol in the form of retinyl esters (Higashi and Senoo, 2003;Sato et al, 2003).…”

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Vitamin A distribution and content in tissues of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica

et al. 2004

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Vitamin A (retinol and retinyl ester) distribution and content in tissues of a lamprey (Lampetra japonica) were analyzed by morphological methods, namely, gold chloride staining, fluorescence microscopy to detect specific vitamin A autofluorescence, and electron microscopy, as well as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hepatic stellate cells showed an abundance of vitamin A stored in lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. Similar cells storing vitamin A were present in the intestine, kidney, gill, and heart in both female and male lampreys. Morphological data obtained by gold chloride staining method, fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and HPLC quantification of retinol were consistent. The highest level of total retinol measured by HPLC was found in the intestine. The second and third highest concentrations of vitamin A were found in the liver and the kidney, respectively. These vitamin A-storing cells were not epithelial cells, but mesoderm-derived cells. We propose as a hypothesis that these cells belong to the stellate cell system (family) that stores vitamin A and regulates homeostasis of the vitamin in the whole body in the lamprey. Fibroblastic cells in the skin and somatic muscle stored little vitamin A. These results indicate that there is difference in the vitamin A-storing capacity between the splanchnic and intermediate mesoderm-derived cells (stellate cells) and somatic and dorsal mesoderm-derived cells (fibroblasts) in the lamprey. Stellate cells derived from the splanchnic and intermediate mesoderm have high capacity and fibroblasts derived from the somatic and dorsal mesoderm have low capacity for the storage of vitamin A in the lamprey.

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Section: Light and Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Vitamin A distribution and content in tissues of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica

et al. 2004

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“…The liver is the major site of storage and metabolism of VA, containing more than 80% of the VA in the body, mainly in the form of retinyl palmitate [13,20,28,29]. The uptake, storage, and mobilization of VA in the regulation of plasma levels of retinol and its delivery to extrahepatic organs are highly regulated, especially by a dynamic hydrolysis-esterification balance [20,27,28].…”

Section: Animals and Ra Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of hypervitaminosis A on liver metabolism have been extensively investigated by feeding or injecting multiple doses of synthetic derivatives of retinol or natural forms of VA over many days [5,7,18,24]. The effect of subcutaneous injection of esterified forms of VA (retinyl acetate or palmitate) has been mainly reported with increase of VA lipid droplets in Ito cells after few days [29,30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Retinyl Palmitate and Retinol in the Liver of Mice Injected with Excessive Amounts of Retinyl Acetate.

Shintaku

Murata

Yamaguchi

et al. 1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The transport of subcutaneously injected retinyl acetate (RA, 100,000 IU/mouse, 105,470 nM) was investigated in male ICR mice (10-week-old) at 0, 3,6,12,18,24 and 72 hr after a single injection. The retinol and retinyl palmitate levels of liver homogenates, bile in the gallbladder and serum from peripheral blood were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Retinyl palmitate in the lipid droplets of hepatocytes and Ito cells was localized by a modified gold chloride staining method. Accumulation of retinyl palmitate peaked at 12 hr post-injection and decreased thereafter until 24 hr post-injection. Fluorescence microscopy revealed many fluorescent vitamin A-containing lipid droplets in hepatocytes around central veins at 12 hr post-injection, but such droplets were not observed in the vehicle control mice or at in the RA-injected mice after 18 hr of injection. Electron microscopic observation also indicated that many retinyl esters-containing lipid droplets were observed in hepatocytes around the central veins at 12 hr post-injection, but no droplets were seen in the controls or 18 hr post-injection. The retinyl palmitate levels in liver homogenates assessed by HPLC decreased from 12 to 24 hr post-injection and increased significantly in bile, while retinol in liver homogenates and serum markedly increased. One of the morphological alterations was intense vacuolization in hepatocyte cell cords from the portal toward the central vein observed at 24 hr post-injection. Transitional lipid droplets between vacuoles and lipid droplets were identified in those hepatocytes. These results of HPLC analysis of retinol and retinyl palmitate in liver homogenates, serum, and bile, together with the results of gold chloride staining suggested that subcutaneously injected RA was first incorporated in hepatocytes at 12 hr and then partially metabolized through vacuoles, transferred into the blood and secreted into the bile over a 24 hr period. Many retinyl esters-containing lipid droplets were visualized in Ito cells at 72 hr post-injection. Most of vitamin A in the liver homogenates measured by HPLC was retinyl palmitate. Therefore, the contents in those lipid droplets might be retinyl palmitate. -KEY WORDS: gold chloride method, hepatocyte, HPLC, Ito cell, vitamin A.

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Localization of vitamin A‐storing cells in the mouse adrenal gland: An electron microscopic autoradiographic study

Hirosawa¹,

Yamada²

1978

Am. J. Anat.

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Radioactive vitamin A acetate was stored in specific cells in the mouse adrenal gland. Radioactivity was detected in lipid droplets of fibroblast-like cells, whose distribution was from the capsule to the medulla. Their population was highest in the cortex. The morphology of these labeled cells was similar to that of vitamin A-storing cells in other organs of mouse (Yamada and Hirosawa, '76). Though functions of these cells are obscure, the fact that they are found in organs where metabolic activity of vitamin A is high suggests that they bear some role in the metabolism and storage of the vitamin.

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Development of Vitamin a-Rich Lipid Droplets in Multivesicular Bodies of Rat Liver Stellate Cells

Cited by 122 publications

References 18 publications

Vitamin A distribution and content in tissues of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica

Vitamin A distribution and content in tissues of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica

Detection of Retinyl Palmitate and Retinol in the Liver of Mice Injected with Excessive Amounts of Retinyl Acetate.

Localization of vitamin A‐storing cells in the mouse adrenal gland: An electron microscopic autoradiographic study

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