Development, optimization, validation and application of faster gas chromatography – flame ionization detector method for the analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils

Zubair, Abdulrazaq; Pappoe, Michael; James, Lesley; Hawboldt, Kelly

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.003

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A first central composite design was performed, initially, with the goal of observing the monoterpenes separation in both DB-35 and DB-1701 in several chromatographic methods, and to help select the best column between them. The experimental factors selected were the initial oven temperature, the oven heating rate and the carrier gas flow rate based on the Zubair et al 20 report. Table 1 shows each experiment performed.…”

Section: Methods Optimization By Central Composite Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statistical design of experiments has been successfully applied for the identification of the significant factors, for each analysis, resulting in better analytical methods. Zubair et al 20 optimized a faster GC method for the analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils using a factorial design to identify the significant factors and a central composite design to optimize the best analysis conditions. Vallejo et al 21 applied experimental designs such as Plackett-Burman and central composite design to optimize factors related to the GC programmable temperature vaporization inlet and large volume injection in order to determine estrogenic compounds in environmental samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development, Optimization and Validation of a GC Method by Polarity Phase Constants and Statistical Design of Experiments for the Determination of Monoterpenes in Alpinia zerumbet Essential Oil

Cardoso¹,

Nakamura²,

Correia³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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In this report, a rapid and selective analytical method for the determination of monoterpenes in Alpinia zerumbet essential oil (AZEO) by gas chromatography (GC) flame ionization detection (FID) was developed, optimized and validated. The suitability of six different capillary columns was investigated by polarity phase constants calculated based on the methodology proposed by Rohrschneider and McReynolds. The most suitable column was then used in a central composite design applying the following GC factors to investigate responses based on peak resolutions and analysis time: initial oven temperature, heating rate and carrier gas flow rate. The optimized method has initial oven temperature of 60 o C, heating rate of 5.1 o C min -1 and flow rate of 1.0 mL min -1 using the DB-35 capillary column. The validation acceptance criteria were met in all cases. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of major monoterpenes found in AZEO in different samples of Alpinia zerumbet.

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Section: Methods Optimization By Central Composite Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Optimization and Validation of a GC Method by Polarity Phase Constants and Statistical Design of Experiments for the Determination of Monoterpenes in Alpinia zerumbet Essential Oil

Cardoso¹,

Nakamura²,

Correia³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Sample preparation of soils contaminated with petroleum products is cumbersome and time-consuming. − The most common example is Soxhlet extraction employed in the USEPA method 3540C. Our group has observed that the recovery of hydrocarbons compromised the granulometry of the soil in solid–liquid extractions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample Preparation for Solid Petroleum-Based Matrices Based on Direct Matrix Introduction Oriented to Hydrocarbon Profiling

Oliveira

Castiblanco

Fleming³

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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Multicomponent mixtures may be considered complex because of the overwhelming number of sample constituents and their broad range of physical–chemical properties. Such features translate into challenges in resolving all components using separation techniques but also impact sample preparation, which is often underestimated in modern practices of oil industry. While the former may be effectively tackled using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC), analyte mass discrimination remains overlooked. In the analysis of whole crude oils or heavy distillates, it is well known that pentatriacontane (C35) precipitates at room temperature in many solvents, such as carbon disulfide, n-hexane, and toluene. Therefore, solvent-based sample preparation methods are biased for analytes heavier than C35, which are found in unusual crude oils. Although, current methods using conventional thermal desorption are limited for C40 hydrocarbons, direct matrix introduction (DMI) may be used for sample introduction. In this work, we expanded the effective operating range of DMI for hydrocarbon analysis by GC. Two case studies were evaluated. First, an uncommonly heavy paraffinic oil fraction was characterized by DMI-GC to illustrate the effect of solubility-based discrimination during sample preparation. Second, we extended the benefits of DMI for the sample preparation of soil contaminated by oil spill, bypassing the need for solvent extraction. Relative standard deviations of 6.7–9.4% were observed for the measurement of n-alkanes, allowing for reliable qualitative analysis of weathered soils. Furthermore, calibration curves of n-alkanes from 6.25 μg g–1 to 100 μg mL–1 (Pearson coefficient, r 2 = 0.99) demonstrated the potential of the DMI-based method for quantitative analysis.

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“…For the sake of reducing soil pollution and timely remediation of contaminated soil, Zubair et al. [94] verified a GC with a flame ionization detector analytical method to quantify total petroleum hydrocarbons in soils. At the DoE stage, an FrFD was adopted to screen the important factors such as injection volume, injection temperature, oven program, detector temperature, carrier gas flow rate, and solvent ratio (hexane/dichloromethane), and a CCD was used to optimize the most important factors such as carrier gas flow rate and oven program.…”

Section: Applications Of Doe In the Chromatographic Analysis Conditio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of experiment techniques for the optimization of chromatographic analysis conditions: A review

et al. 2022

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Design of experiment (DoE) techniques have been widely used in the field of chromatographic parameters optimization as a valuable tool. A systematic literature review of the available DoE techniques applied to the development of a chromatographic analysis method is presented in this paper. First, the most common available designs and the implementation steps of DoE are comprehensively introduced. Then the studies in recent 10 years for the application of DoE techniques in various chromatographic techniques are discussed, such as capillary electrophoresis, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin‐layer chromatography, and high‐speed countercurrent chromatography. Current problems and future outlooks are finally given to provide a certain inspiration of research in the application of DoE techniques to the different chromatographic techniques field. This review contributes to a better understanding of the DoE techniques for the efficient optimization of chromatographic analysis conditions, especially for the analysis of complex systems, such as multicomponent drugs and natural products.

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Development, optimization, validation and application of faster gas chromatography – flame ionization detector method for the analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Development, Optimization and Validation of a GC Method by Polarity Phase Constants and Statistical Design of Experiments for the Determination of Monoterpenes in Alpinia zerumbet Essential Oil

Development, Optimization and Validation of a GC Method by Polarity Phase Constants and Statistical Design of Experiments for the Determination of Monoterpenes in Alpinia zerumbet Essential Oil

Sample Preparation for Solid Petroleum-Based Matrices Based on Direct Matrix Introduction Oriented to Hydrocarbon Profiling

Design of experiment techniques for the optimization of chromatographic analysis conditions: A review

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