Developmental capacities of the chick lung in chorioallantoic grafts

Rudnick, Dorothea

doi:10.1002/jez.1400660106

Cited by 65 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…2, A,b and B,b). These data suggest that E19 lung mesenchyme is a strong morphogenic inducer similar to E13 lung mesenchyme (4,22,24,34,51). When E13 distal lung endodermal cells were combined with E19 skin mesenchymal cells, organization of the epithelial cells into a skin-like morphology was apparent after 5 days in culture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This anterior-posterior epithelial patterning of airways is characterized by distinct boundaries and is likely controlled by epithelialmesenchymal interactions (37). Classical tissue recombination experiments have shown that epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required for branching of the lung epithelium in both avian and mammalian systems (27,34,44,48). When distal lung mesenchyme is grafted onto tracheal epithelium, branching occurs in a pattern that is remarkably similar to that seen in the developing lung (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mesenchymal maintenance of distal epithelial cell phenotype during late fetal lung development

Deimling

Thompson²,

Tseu³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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November 17, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00221.2006.-Classical tissue recombination experiments have reported that at early gestation both tracheal and distal lung epithelium have the plasticity to respond to mesenchymal signals. Herein we examined the role of epithelialmesenchymal interactions in maintaining epithelial differentiation at late (E19 -E21, term ϭ 22 days) fetal gestation in the rat. Isolated distal lung epithelial cells were recombined with mesenchymal cells from lung, skin, and intestine, and the homotypic or heterotypic recombinant cell aggregates were cultured for up to 5 days. Recombining lung epithelial cells with mesenchyme from various sources induced a morphological pattern that was specific to the type of inducing mesenchyme. In situ analysis of surfactant protein (SP)-C, SP-B, and Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) expression, as well as SP-C and CCSP promoter transactivation experiments, revealed that distal lung epithelium requires lung mesenchyme to maintain the alveolar, but not bronchiolar, phenotype. Incubation of lung recombinants with an anti-FGF7 antibody resulted in a partial inhibition of mesenchyme-induced SP-C promoter transactivation. Immunoreactivity for Delta and Lunatic fringe, components of the Notch pathway that regulates cell differentiation, was downregulated in the heterotypic recombinants. In contrast, Hes1 mRNA expression was increased in these recombinants. Cumulatively, these results suggest that at late fetal gestation, distal lung epithelial cells are not fully committed to a specific phenotype and still have the plasticity to respond to various signals. Their alveolar phenotype is likely maintained by Notch/Notch ligand interactions and mesenchymal factors, including FGF7.epithelial-mesenchymal interactions; cell differentiation; Notch signaling; fibroblast growth factors DURING LUNG MORPHOGENESIS numerous different cell phenotypes are formed along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing epithelial airways, each with different morphologies and patterns of gene expression. This anterior-posterior epithelial patterning of airways is characterized by distinct boundaries and is likely controlled by epithelialmesenchymal interactions (37). Classical tissue recombination experiments have shown that epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are required for branching of the lung epithelium in both avian and mammalian systems (27,34,44,48). When distal lung mesenchyme is grafted onto tracheal epithelium, branching occurs in a pattern that is remarkably similar to that seen in the developing lung (4). However, studies in which tracheal epithelium were cultured with grafted mesenchyme from intestine or skin demonstrated simple bud formation without significant branching (51). Furthermore, the grafting of tracheal mesenchyme to distal epithelium denuded of its own mesenchyme inhibits all distal epithelial branching (51). These studies clearly demonstrate a key difference in the instructive capabilities of embryonic lung and tracheal mesenchyme and suggest a specific re...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal maintenance of distal epithelial cell phenotype during late fetal lung development

Deimling

Thompson²,

Tseu³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…Whereas the importance of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in lung development has long been appreciated (37,52,67), the involvement of PGs in lung organogenesis has been largely unexplored. In this paper we have shown a requirement for PG sulfation in the Tissues cultured with 0.7 U/ml each of heparinases I and III have a slight reduction in the number of distal lung buds, which is particularly apparent in LgM ϩ LgE (E) and LgM ϩ TrE (F) recombinants.…”

Section: Sulfated Pgs Are Required For Lung Growth and Morphogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and birds (13,52) have repeatedly shown that normal lung morphogenesis and differentiation are dependent on reciprocal interactions between the endodermal epithelium and mesenchyme derived from the splanchnic mesoderm. These interactions are responsible not only for patterning of the lung but also for the specification of the many specialized cell types that populate both the epithelial and mesenchymal tissue compartments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are required for lung growth and morphogenesis in vitro

Shannon

McCormick‐Shannon

Burhans

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are required for lung growth and morphogenesis in vitro. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285: L1323-L1336, 2003. First published August 15, 2003 10.1152/ajplung.00226. 2003 have been shown to play a key role in the development of many tissues. We have investigated the role of sulfated PGs in early rat lung development by treating cultured tissues with 30 mM sodium chlorate, a global inhibitor of PG sulfation. Chlorate treatment disrupted growth and branching of embryonic day 13 lung explants. Isolated lung epithelium (LgE) migrated toward and invaded lung mesenchyme (LgM), and chlorate irreversibly suppressed this response. Chlorate also inhibited migration of LgE toward beads soaked in FGF10. Chlorate severely decreased branching morphogenesis in tissue recombinants consisting of LgM plus either LgE or tracheal epithelium (TrE) and decreased expression of surfactant protein C gene (SP-C). Chlorate also reduced bone morphogenetic protein-4 expression in cultured tips and recombinants but had no effect on the expression of clara cell 10-kDa protein (CC10), sonic hedgehog (Shh), FGF10, and FGF receptor 2IIIb. Chlorate reduced the growth of LgE in mesenchyme-free culture but did not affect SP-C expression. In contrast, chlorate inhibited both rudiment growth and the induction of SP-C in mesenchyme-free cultured TrE. Treatment of lung tips and tissue recombinants with chondroitinase ABC abolished branching morphogenesis. Chondroitinase also suppressed growth of TrE in mesenchyme-free culture. Chondroitinase treatment, however, had no effect on the induction of SP-C expression in any of these cultures. These results demonstrate the overall importance of sulfated PGs to normal lung development and demonstrate a dynamic role for chondroitin sulfate PGs in embryonic lung growth and morphogenesis. lung; branching morphogenesis LUNG ORGANOGENESIS REQUIRES the coordinated temporal and spatial expression of multiple genes, both prenatally and after birth. Deviations from the normal developmental program resulting from improper or insufficient gene expression can have serious consequences, such as pulmonary hypoplasia, pulmonary agenesis, congenital alveolar proteinosis, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Studies in both mammals (3, 67, 75) and birds (13, 52) have repeatedly shown that normal lung morphogenesis and differentiation are dependent on reciprocal interactions between the endodermal epithelium and mesenchyme derived from the splanchnic mesoderm. These interactions are responsible not only for patterning of the lung but also for the specification of the many specialized cell types that populate both the epithelial and mesenchymal tissue compartments. Elucidation of the molecular basis of these interactions has been the subject of intense recent interest. Although much remains to be learned, the results thus far demonstrate that these interactions are highly complex, involving the interplay of numerous hormones, growth factors, and downstream effectors such as trans...

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“…The experiments of Rudnick (1933) with grafts of chick lung strongly suggested that budding of the bronchial tree does not take place when the epithelium is deprived of its investing mesenchyme and she concluded that factors necessary for the production of orderly branching of the endodermal bud lie within the surrounding mestrachea produces no extra branches.…”

Section: Reciprocal Interactions Of Developing Lung Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions: a fundamental Developmental Biology mechanism

Ribatti¹,

Santoiemma²

2014

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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Interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme are common features of early stages of morphogenesis in different organs. In this historical review article, we retrospectively analyze the most important contribution to the definition and characterization of these interactions in three different organogenetic systems, including kidney, lung and limb bud. Tubule formation in the kidney is an example of an organogenetic event which involves interaction between the ureteric epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme that, in turn, induces the branching of the ureteric epithelium. In contrast, in lung organogenesis, interactive signaling occurs between the endodermal epithelium and the mesenchyme, leading to an alveolar structure. Finally, limb bud development results from a series of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between the mesenchymal cells of the lateral plate mesoderm and the overlying ectodermal cells.

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Developmental capacities of the chick lung in chorioallantoic grafts

Cited by 65 publications

References 2 publications

Mesenchymal maintenance of distal epithelial cell phenotype during late fetal lung development

Mesenchymal maintenance of distal epithelial cell phenotype during late fetal lung development

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are required for lung growth and morphogenesis in vitro

Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions: a fundamental Developmental Biology mechanism

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