2021
DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.678385
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Developmental Differences in Neocortex Neurogenesis and Maturation Between the Altricial Dwarf Rabbit and Precocial Guinea Pig

Abstract: Mammals are born on a precocial–altricial continuum. Altricial species produce helpless neonates with closed distant organs incapable of locomotion, whereas precocial species give birth to well-developed young that possess sophisticated sensory and locomotor capabilities. Previous studies suggest that distinct patterns of cortex development differ between precocial and altricial species. This study compares patterns of neocortex neurogenesis and maturation in the precocial guinea pig and altricial dwarf rabbit… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(14 citation statements)
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References 120 publications
(182 reference statements)
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“…Growth rates of different organ systems are different within a single species and among different species. In humans, most organs are completely formed by approximately 12 weeks of pregnancy, while the brain and spinal cord continue to form and develop throughout pregnancy (Kalusa et al., 2021 ; Molnár & Clowry, 2012 ). The speed of brain development differs for other species.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Growth rates of different organ systems are different within a single species and among different species. In humans, most organs are completely formed by approximately 12 weeks of pregnancy, while the brain and spinal cord continue to form and develop throughout pregnancy (Kalusa et al., 2021 ; Molnár & Clowry, 2012 ). The speed of brain development differs for other species.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the guinea pig, the period of cortical neurogenesis begins ~20 days after conception, with approximately half of all neuronal maturation and dendritic formation occurring before birth. Additionally, gliogenesis occurs as neurogenesis begins to the end at ~50 days after conception (Kalusa et al, 2021 ). The guinea pig brain is well developed at birth, with an appropriate degree of cortical folding occurring, and myelination commencing before birth (Hatakeyama et al, 2017 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Guinea pigs, being a precocial species, have a higher proportion of axonal myelination and maturation at birth compared to altricial species due to the prenatal gliogenesis and myelination. These differences make this species a more translationally relevant model for preclinical studies of human fetal and neonatal brain development (Kalusa et al, 2021 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This coincides with regional variations in brain perfusion described in the context of brain sparing in severe FGR 64 with preferential supply of blood flow to the deep grey matter of the basal ganglia in detriment of the frontal cortex. Reduced fractional anisotropy, lower neuron density, and increased apoptosis in these regions suggest structural integrity is compromised in FGR brains even before myelination takes place 65 . Organization in neuronal population, followed by axonal and dendritic growth, increase density in these areas, thus an insult to neuronal organization might reduce FA independent of myelination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%