Developmental morphology of the turkey pineal organ. Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies

Petrusewicz-Kosińska, Marcela; Przybylska‐Gornowicz, Barbara; Ziółkowska, Natalia; Martyniuk, Kamila; Lewczuk, Bogdan

doi:10.1016/j.micron.2019.04.002

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Infrequent studies on other birds have shown that the functional significance of the direct and indirect routes of the effect of light on pineal organ activity as well as the contribution of each clock in the regulation of MLT secretion differ significantly between avian species [2,6,9,15]. These differences are not be surprising because the avian pineal organs show among the greatest variability of morphology observed among vertebrates [37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. Concerning poultry species, our in vitro studies on the pineal organs of Anseriformes birds demonstrated that light acting directly on pinealocytes is not able to ensure the precise entrainment of MLT secretion to a light-dark cycle and that norepinephrine is the main factor controlling pineal organ activity in the duck and the goose [7,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interest in the turkey pineal organ derives from at least two factors. First, the histological organization and ultrastructure of the turkey pineal organ differ greatly from those of the chicken pineal organ, despite the fact that both species belong to the Galliformes family [37,38,41,43,45]. The turkey pineal organ retains a tubule-follicular structure up to the age one year and possess highly developed rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes, which lead to the hypothesis that direct photoreception plays a primary role in the regulation of MLT secretion in this organ [45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the histological organization and ultrastructure of the turkey pineal organ differ greatly from those of the chicken pineal organ, despite the fact that both species belong to the Galliformes family [37,38,41,43,45]. The turkey pineal organ retains a tubule-follicular structure up to the age one year and possess highly developed rudimentary-receptor pinealocytes, which lead to the hypothesis that direct photoreception plays a primary role in the regulation of MLT secretion in this organ [45]. Second, the turkey is a poultry species with high economic significance and knowledge about its circadian physiology may be important from a practical point of view [49,50,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roles of Direct Photoreception and the Internal Circadian Oscillator in the Regulation of Melatonin Secretion in the Pineal Organ of the Domestic Turkey: A Novel In Vitro Clock and Calendar Model

Prusik

Lewczuk

2019

IJMS

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The regulation of melatonin secretion in the avian pineal organ is highly complex and shows prominent interspecies differences. The aim of this study was to determine the roles of direct photoreception and the internal oscillator in the regulation of melatonin secretion in the pineal organ of the domestic turkey. The pineal organs were collected from 12-, 13- and 14-week-old female turkeys reared under a 12 L:12 D cycle with the photophase from 07.00 to 19.00, and were incubated in superfusion culture for 3–6 days. The cultures were subjected to different light conditions including 12 L:12 D cycles with photophases between 07.00 and 19.00, 13.00 and 01.00 or 01.00 and 13.00, a reversed cycle 12 D:12 L, cycles with long (16 L:8 D) and short (8 L:16 D) photophases, and continuous darkness or illumination. The pineal organs were also exposed to light pulses of variable duration during incubation in darkness or to periods of darkness during the photophase. The secretion of melatonin was determined by direct radioimmunoassay. The turkey pineal organs secreted melatonin in a well-entrained diurnal rhythm with a very high amplitude. Direct photoreception as an independently acting mechanism was able to ensure quick and precise adaptation of the melatonin secretion rhythm to changes in light-dark conditions. The pineal organs secreted melatonin in circadian rhythms during incubation in continuous darkness or illumination. The endogenous oscillator of turkey pinealocytes was able to acquire and store information about the light-dark cycle and then to generate the circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion in continuous darkness according to the stored data. The obtained data suggest that the turkey pineal gland is highly autonomous in the generation and regulation of the melatonin secretion rhythm. They also demonstrate that the turkey pineal organ in superfusion culture is a valuable model for chronobiological studies, providing a highly precise clock and calendar. This system has several features which make it an attractive alternative to other avian pineal glands for circadian studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roles of Direct Photoreception and the Internal Circadian Oscillator in the Regulation of Melatonin Secretion in the Pineal Organ of the Domestic Turkey: A Novel In Vitro Clock and Calendar Model

Prusik

Lewczuk

2019

IJMS

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“…In this study, conspicuous structural differences observed in embryos under light stimulation were found on d 10 and 12 post incubation. In a recent investigation,Marcela et al [34]reported an increase in follicle size and wall thickness of pineal gland which were asserted to be a product of proliferation ofthe cells which create inner and outer parts of follicle wall. Taken together, these results suggest that light may improve early pineal development by promoting the proliferation of speci c cells in pineal gland and its attendant morphological structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monochromatic Green Light Stimulation During Incubation Shortened the Hatching Time via Pineal Function in White Leghorn Eggs

Wang

Sun

Fan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:Effect of monochromatic green light illumination on embryo development has been reported in chickens. The avian pineal is an important photo-endocrine organ formed by a mediodorsal protrusion of the rudiment during embryonic development. However, the involvement of pineal gland in the lighting transducing process remain to beelucidated.In the present study, we investigated the influence of monochromatic green light on hatching time and explored the possible mechanism via pineal function. Results: A total of 600 eggs were incubated underphotoperiods of either 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness using monochromatic green light (12L:12D group) or 24 h of darkness (0L:24D group)for 18 d, with two replicates for each treatment. As compared to 0L:24D group, the green light stimulation shortened the hatching time without extending the hatch window or impairing hatchability. The liver of embryos incubated in the 12L:12D light condition was heavier than those of the 0L:24D group on d 21 post incubation. Meanwhile, the green light increased the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is primarily secreted by the liver. Histological structure analysis of pineal gland demonstrated that the light stimulation increased follicle area, wall thickness and lumen area on d 10 and d 12 post incubation. Rhythmic function analysis demonstrated that three clock related genes (brain and muscle ARNT-like-1, BMAL1; circadian locomotor output cycles kaput, CLOCK; and cryptochrome-1, CRY1) and a melatonin rate-limiting enzyme related gene (Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, AANAT) were rhythmically expressed in the pineal gland of the 12L:12D group, but not in that of the 0L:24D group. Simultaneously, the light stimulation also increased the concentration of melatonin (MT), which was linked to hepatocyte proliferation and IGF-1 secretion in previous studies. Conclusions: The 12L:12D monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened hatching time without impairing hatching performance. Pineal gland’s early histological development and maturation of its rhythmic function were accelerated by the light stimulation. It may be the key organ in the photo-endocrine axis that regulates embryo development, and the potential mechanism could be that its higher secretion product of MT in the 12L:12D group promotes the secretion of IGF-1.

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“…In this study, conspicuous structural differences observed in embryos under light stimulation were found on d 10 and 12 post incubation. In a recent investigation, Marcela et al [32] reported an increase in follicle size and wall thickness of pineal gland which were asserted to be a product of proliferation of the cells which create inner and outer parts of follicle wall. Taken together, these results suggest that light may improve early pineal development by promoting the proliferation of speci c cells in pineal gland and its attendant morphological structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs

Wang

Sun

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Effect of monochromatic green light illumination on embryo development has been reported in chickens. The avian pineal is an important photo-endocrine organ formed by a mediodorsal protrusion during embryonic development. However, the involvement of pineal gland in the lighting transducing process remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the influence of monochromatic green light on hatching time and explored the possible mechanism via pineal function. Results: A total of 600 eggs of White Leghorn (Shaver strain) were incubated under photoperiods of either 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness using monochromatic green light (12L:12D group) or 24 h of darkness (0L:24D group) for 18 d. As compared to 0L:24D group, the green light stimulation shortened the hatching time without extending the hatch window or impairing hatchability. The liver of embryos incubated in the 12L:12D light condition was heavier than those of the 0L:24D group on d 21 post incubation. Meanwhile, the green light increased the serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is primarily secreted by the liver. Histological structure analysis of pineal gland demonstrated that the light stimulation increased follicle area, wall thickness and lumen area on d 10 and d 12 post incubation. Rhythmic function analysis demonstrated that three clock related genes (brain and muscle ARNT-like-1, BMAL1; circadian locomotor output cycles kaput, CLOCK; and cryptochrome-1, CRY1) and a melatonin rate-limiting enzyme related gene (Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, AANAT) were rhythmically expressed in the pineal gland of the 12L:12D group, but not in that of the 0L:24D group. Simultaneously, the light stimulation also increased the concentration of melatonin (MT), which was linked to hepatocyte proliferation and IGF-1 secretion in previous studies. Conclusions: The 12L:12D monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened hatching time without impairing hatching performance. Pineal gland’s early histological development and maturation of its rhythmic function were accelerated by the light stimulation. It may be the key organ in the photo-endocrine axis that regulates embryo development, and the potential mechanism could be that its higher secretion product of MT in the 12L:12D group promotes the secretion of IGF-1.

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Developmental morphology of the turkey pineal organ. Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural studies

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Roles of Direct Photoreception and the Internal Circadian Oscillator in the Regulation of Melatonin Secretion in the Pineal Organ of the Domestic Turkey: A Novel In Vitro Clock and Calendar Model

Roles of Direct Photoreception and the Internal Circadian Oscillator in the Regulation of Melatonin Secretion in the Pineal Organ of the Domestic Turkey: A Novel In Vitro Clock and Calendar Model

Monochromatic Green Light Stimulation During Incubation Shortened the Hatching Time via Pineal Function in White Leghorn Eggs

Monochromatic green light stimulation during incubation shortened the hatching time via pineal function in White Leghorn eggs

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