Developmental orthopedic disease

Growth and Development of the Lusitano Foal on Extensive Systems

“…Also a connection between high insulin response, especially after feeding a meal of concentrates (rich in cereal grain), and horses with OC was reported (Ralston, 1996). It was therefore hypothesized that the ingestion of feeds with large amounts of easily digestible carbohydrates may alters endocrine regulation of endochondral ossification process through insulin, IGF-I and thyroid hormones mediated-effects on chondrocytes maturation and apoptosis (Jeffcott & Henson, 1998;Vervuert & Ellis, 2013).…”

“…Therefore it was mentioned that high levels of Zn (Zn toxicosis) may reduce the absorption of Cu and play a secondary role in the occurrence of OC-like lesions (Gunson et al, 1982;van Weeren, 2006). But the experiment of Bridges & Moffitt (1990) showed that only extremely high levels of Zn in the diet (1000 and 2000 mg/kg DM) can induce hypocupremia and the associated degenerative effects on cartilage, which is unlikely to occur under practical feeding conditions (Vervuert & Ellis, 2013…”

Developmental orthopaedic disease and early osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint in a 15‐month‐old Quarter Horse filly

“…Developmental orthopaedic disease is a wide‐ranging term used to describe many orthopaedic conditions affecting the horse in the early stages of life (McIlwraith, 2004; Vervuert & Ellis, 2013). Initially, these included physitis, cuboidal bone abnormalities, osteochondrosis (OC), subchondral cystic lesions, juvenile osteoarthritis, angular and flexural limb deformities, and vertebral malformation (Jeffcott, 2005; McIlwraith, 2004; Vervuert & Ellis, 2013).…”

“…Developmental orthopaedic disease is a wide‐ranging term used to describe many orthopaedic conditions affecting the horse in the early stages of life (McIlwraith, 2004; Vervuert & Ellis, 2013). Initially, these included physitis, cuboidal bone abnormalities, osteochondrosis (OC), subchondral cystic lesions, juvenile osteoarthritis, angular and flexural limb deformities, and vertebral malformation (Jeffcott, 2005; McIlwraith, 2004; Vervuert & Ellis, 2013). Later, a sub‐category, the juvenile osteochondral conditions (JOCC), was proposed to focus on processes that primarily affect the articular or physeal growth plate, which consequently led to the exclusion of the soft tissue‐related flexural limb deformities and neurological disorders, such as Wobbler’s disease (Denoix et al., 2013; van Weeren & Denoix, 2013).…”