Developmental Potential of Sorghum Shoot Apices in Culture

Bhaskaran, Shyamala; Rigoldi, Maria Pia; Smith, Roberta H.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80829-1

Journal of Plant Physiology

1992

DOI: 10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80829-1

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Developmental Potential of Sorghum Shoot Apices in Culture

Shyamala Bhaskaran¹,

Maria Pia Rigoldi²,

Roberta H. Smith³

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Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, calli growing on concentrations greater than 0.5 mg dm -3 of 2,4-D were found to be relatively white, puffy with less greening and less regenerable upon transfer to regeneration medium. Higher 2,4-D has been reported to reduce chlorophyll content (Bhaskaran et al 1992), resulting in a loss of shoot forming potential in sorghum. Also in barley, 2,4-D in the induction medium was less effective than dicamba in somatic embryogenesis and regeneration efficiency (Halámková et al 2004).…”

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“…However, production of these explants is a space, time and labour consuming task. Explants such as mature embryos from seed (Botti and Vasil 1983, MacKinnon et al 1987, Zapata et al 2004) shoot tips or meristems (Bhaskaran et al 1992, Zhong et al 1998) are definitely more convenient. In this paper, we report a highly efficient, rapid and season independent protocol for plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum.…”

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Efficient plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum

Maheswari¹,

Lakshmi²,

Yadav³

et al. 2006

Biologia plant.

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An efficient and rapid regeneration protocol was developed using shoot apices from germinating seedlings of two cultivars of sorghum, SPV-462 and M35-1, as explants. A vertical slit given from the base of each dissected apex enhanced the efficiency of callusing response by two fold. MS medium containing 0.5 mg dm -3 each of 2,4-D and kinetin was most effective in producing friable and embryogenic calli. Scanning electron microscopy of these calli detected somatic embryogenesis. Calli thus induced gave rise to approximately 42 green shoots per callus in both the genotypes when transferred to regeneration medium containing 1.5 mg dm -3 kinetin.Additional key words: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, kinetin, plant growth regulators, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. ⎯⎯⎯⎯Until recently, improvement of sorghum for agronomic and quality traits such as tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and grain protein quality was carried out largely by traditional plant breeding methods. The application of biotechnology for the genetic improvement of this crop has been lagging behind that of other cereal crops. Sorghum has been categorized as one of the more difficult plant species to manipulate for tissue culture and regeneration (Zhu et al. 1998, Maqbool et al. 2001). The major bottlenecks include 1) genotype dependent response, 2) very low regeneration, 3) production of phenolics and 4) problems in acclimatization. Nevertheless, there are reports of successful regeneration of sorghum from certain explants. In general, immature inflorescence (Brettell et al. 1980, Boyes and Vasil 1984, Murty et al. 1990, Cai and Butler 1990, Eapen and George 1990 and immature embryo (Ma et al. 1987, Oldach et al. 2001) are considered to be excellent explants. However, production of these explants is a space, time and labour consuming task. Explants such as mature embryos from seed (Botti and Vasil 1983, MacKinnon et al. 1987, Zapata et al. 2004) shoot tips or meristems (Bhaskaran et al. 1992, Zhong et al. 1998) are definitely more convenient. In this paper, we report a highly efficient, rapid and season independent protocol for plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum.Mature seeds of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cv. SPV-462 and M35-1 were used for generating the shoot apex explants. SPV-462 is a popular sorghum cultivar grown predominantly during the rainy season (June -October) whereas, M35-1 is a land race grown quite extensively during the post rainy season (November -March). Seeds were washed with Tween-20, rinsed 2 -3 times with distilled water and then surface sterilized with 0.1 % HgCl 2 for 10 min. Subsequently, seeds were washed 5 -6 times with sterile distilled water and were aseptically germinated on wet cotton in culture bottle (50 seeds per bottle) in dark at 27 °C. After 48 h of germination, 3 mm sections of shoot apices were carefully dissected from the germinating seedlings. A vertical slit was given from the base of each dissected apex for enhancing the efficiency of callus induction. The sections were then cultured on Murashi...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum

Maheswari¹,

Lakshmi²,

Yadav³

et al. 2006

Biologia plant.

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Saeed

Zafar

Malik

1997

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture

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Efficient Plant Regeneration from Shoot Apices of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke)

Varalaxmi

Vijayalakshmi

Kumar

et al. 2010

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech.

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An efficient and rapid regeneration protocol was developed from shoot tip explants of Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke variety WC-75. MS supplemented with low concentration of 2,4-D and Kn was most effective in producing embryogenic calli. Maximum regeneration potential of 40 shoots per calli were obtained when transferred to regeneration medium containing 1.0 mg/l Kn. Shoots developed were efficiently rooted within 15 days on the medium containing NAA. Over 90% of rooted plants were fertile after transfer to a net house.

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Developmental Potential of Sorghum Shoot Apices in Culture

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Efficient plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum

Efficient plant regeneration from shoot apices of sorghum

Untitled

Efficient Plant Regeneration from Shoot Apices of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke)

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