Developmental precursors of psychosis

Isohanni, Matti; Isohanni, Irene; Koponen, Hannu; Koskinen, Jukka; Laine, Pekka; Lauronen, E.; Mäki, Pirjo; Riala, Kaisa; Räsänen, Sami; Saari, K. M.; Tienari, Pekka; Veijola, Juha; Murray, Graham K.

doi:10.1007/s11920-004-0061-5

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Also, a recent study found no direct effects of obstetric complications and developmental delays on the risk of developing schizophrenia whereas a cumulative effect of both factors was found to be significantly associated (Clarke et al, 2011). It is thought that obstetric factors might create a neural diathesis during brain development, which in turn may increase the risk for psychosis (Goldstein et al, 2000;Isohanni et al, 2004;Mrad et al, 2010). This aspect was, however, not explicitly tested in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Müller

Vetter

Weiser

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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Cognitive deficits have been found to be more prevalent in psychotic than in other disorders. Longitudinal research has shown that these deficits were generally already existent before onset of illness and are therefore not necessarily attributable to neurodegenerative processes. This study investigated whether both low IQ and markers of premorbid cognitive dysfunction independently contribute to an increased risk for psychoses. In a cross-sectional study about 50,000 young Swiss males completed a survey of intellectual problems in childhood/adolescence and other vulnerability factors during military call-up in 2005/2006. Subsequently, military IQ assessments were carried out on the entire sample. Diagnostic assessments were conducted according to International Classification of Diseases-10th edition (ICD-10). Low, especially performance, IQ was highly associated with an increased risk for psychotic disorders after adjusting for preexisting cognitive deficits and covariates, while in other disorders this association was less marked. Furthermore, preexisting intellectual problems emerged as important risk factors for psychoses. Our results confirm the importance of low IQ as characteristic of psychoses. Although premorbid intellectual deficits are common in people who go on to develop psychosis, neurodegenerative disease processes may also precipitate further declines in fluid cognitive functions. Assessment of cognitive functioning should be taken into account in early detection of psychoses. Longitudinal research has shown that these deficits were generally already existent before onset of illness and are therefore not necessarily attributable to neurodegenerative processes. This study investigated whether both low IQ and markers of premorbid cognitive dysfunction independently contribute to an increased risk for psychoses. In a cross-sectional study about Subsequently, military IQ assessments were carried out on the entire sample. Diagnostic assessments were conducted according to ICD-10. Low, especially performance IQ was highly associated with an increased risk for psychotic disorders after adjusting for preexisting cognitive deficits and covariates; while in other disorders this association was less marked.Furthermore, preexisting intellectual problems emerged as important risk factors for psychoses.Our results confirm the importance of low IQ as characteristic of psychoses. Although premorbid intellectual deficits are common in people who go on to develop psychosis, neurodegenerative disease processes may also precipitate further declines in fluid cognitive functions. Assessment of cognitive functioning should be taken into account in early detection of psychoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Müller

Vetter

Weiser

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…Insofar as childhood psychopathology is likely to be a proxy for premorbid adjustment, we found comparatively poorer function prior to onset of bipolar disorder to be an important predictor of outcomes. Poor premorbid function has been studied much more extensively in schizophrenia than in bipolar disorder (61–63). The former condition is considered to be neurodevelopmental, and impaired cognitive processing and its effect on function has been demonstrated frequently (64–66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early determinants of four‐year clinical outcomes in bipolar disorder with psychosis

et al. 2012

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Objectives Bipolar disorder with psychosis is common in inpatient settings and is associated with diverse outcomes after hospital discharge, which can range from a return to premorbid functioning with no recurrence to a chronic or recurring illness. Less is known, however, about factors that can predict a better or worse clinical outcome. The present report sought to assess four-year clinical outcomes and their predictors in patients hospitalized for bipolar I disorder with psychosis. Methods Participants from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project (SCMHP) with a baseline diagnosis of bipolar I disorder with psychotic features (N = 126) were reassessed using face-to-face interviews at six months, two years, and four years following their first hospitalization. At each time point, clinical status, role functioning, and treatment were assessed by highly trained interviewers using standardized instruments. Results The majority of participants (73.2%) returned to their premorbid level of role functioning by the four-year follow-up and the median percent time ill during the interval was less than 20%. Nevertheless, almost half the sample (46.9%) was rehospitalized at least once. Psychotic symptoms at baseline (particularly Schneiderian symptoms), depressive phenomenology, childhood psychopathology, and younger age at first hospitalization predicted worse outcome; whereas mood incongruent psychotic features and age of mood disorder onset did not. Conclusions The four-year outcomes of a first-admission cohort with bipolar I disorder with psychosis were generally favorable. Poorer premorbid functioning, Schneiderian delusions, greater depressive symptoms, and a younger age of first hospitalization portend a worse course.

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“…Neurological soft signs, impairment on tests of fine-motor coordination and other neuromotor functions, and abnormal involuntary movements have been demonstrated in antipsychotic-naïve patients, and neuromotor abnormalities have been observed in children destined to develop schizophrenia as early as 2 years of life (Walker et al, 1994; Isohanni et al, 2004). Given that G/R infection was not associated with processing speed in the present study, which has a strong psychomotor component, the findings of the present study suggest that the neuromotor abnormality was relatively specific to fine-motor coordination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of maternal genital and reproductive infections with verbal memory and motor deficits in adult schizophrenia

Brown

Vinogradov

Kremen

et al. 2011

Psychiatry Research

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Maternal exposure to genital and reproductive infections has been associated with schizophrenia in previous studies. Impairments in several neuropsychological functions, including verbal memory, working memory, executive function, and fine-motor coordination occur prominently in patients with schizophrenia. The etiologies of these deficits, however, remain largely unknown. We aimed to assess whether prospectively documented maternal exposure to genital/reproductive infections was related to these neuropsychological deficits in offspring with schizophrenia and other schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The cases were derived from a population-based birth cohort; all cohort members belonged to a prepaid health plan. Cases were assessed for verbal memory, working memory, executive function, and fine-motor coordination. Compared to unexposed cases, patients exposed to maternal genital/reproductive infection performed more poorly on verbal memory, fine-motor coordination, and working memory. Stratification by race revealed associations between maternal G/R infection and verbal memory and fine-motor coordination for case offspring of African-American mothers, but not for case offspring of White mothers. Significant infection-by-race interactions were also observed. Although independent replications are warranted, maternal G/R infections were associated with verbal memory and motor function deficits in African-American patients with schizophrenia.

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Developmental precursors of psychosis

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Precursors of cognitive impairments in psychotic disorders: A population-based study

Early determinants of four‐year clinical outcomes in bipolar disorder with psychosis

Association of maternal genital and reproductive infections with verbal memory and motor deficits in adult schizophrenia

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