Developmental regulation of polyamine metabolism in growth and differentiation of carrot culture

Fienberg, Allen A.; Choi, Jung Ho; Lubich, Warren P.; Sung, Z. Renee

doi:10.1007/bf00399919

Cited by 112 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It was not clear whether this was due to changes in polyamine metabolism since putrescine levels were not reduced although ODC activity was completely inhibited. Reductions in fresh weight have been reported in response to DFMA in embryogenic carrot cultures (10) and Jerusalem artichoke tissue (4), although in both cases neither cell counts nor amine determinations were made. In the present study, ADC was found to be the principal route of polyamine biosynthesis in carrot cell suspensions, as indicated by the reduction in putrescine and spermidine in response to ADC but not ODC inhibition, confirming previous observations (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies using inhibitors of polyamine metabolism have shown either an increase in fresh weight accumulation with inhibitor treatment (5), no significant change (23), or a reduction in final fresh weight (3). Similarly, determinations of endogenous polyamine content over the culture period have shown a strong positive correlation between growth rates and amine content (26), while in other studies none has been found (10). In addition, the activities of the polyamine biosynthetic enzymes are reported to correlate with rates of growth (2), while in other studies these correlations have been less conclusive (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polyamines in Relation to Growth in Carrot Cell Cultures

Fallon¹,

Phillips²

1988

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in polyamine metabolism were investigated in relation to growth of cell suspension cultures of carrot (Daucus carota, cv Chantenay). Changes in levels of the major amines putrescine and spermidine throughout the culture period correlated poorly with changes in fresh weight, but a closer correlation with the minor component spermine was observed. The arginine decarboxylase (ADC) inhibitor difluoromethylarginine (DFMA) strongly and specifically inhibited ADC activity in the supernatant, reduced the major amine (putrescine) by 95% and the total amine content by 80%. It had no effect on cell number and stimulated fresh weight by over 25% through increased cell expansion. Spermine content, in contrast, increased with DFMA concentration in parallel with fresh weight increases. Difluoromethylornithine strongly inhibited ornithine decarboxylase activity in the pellet, but had little effect on either polyamine levels or culture growth. It was concluded that little evidence for a correlation between free polyamines and cell number in carrot cultures could be detected, but that a possible correlation between spermine content and cell expansion was observed.The polyamines occur ubiquitously in plants, animals, and prokaryotes, and their role in growth, development, and stress metabolism has received active investigation (4, 21 24 carota) have been used to investigate the relationship between growth rate and free polyamines, both by measurement of endogenous levels over the growth period and by the use of inhibitors (15) that lead to large alterations in polyamine content. MATERIALS AND METHODSCell Culture. Suspension cultures of Daucus carota (cv Chantenay) isolated 3 years previously were routinely maintained on Murashige and Skoog (20) medium (Flow Labs, Irvine, Scotland), supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.2 mg/L), kinetin (0.2 mg/L), and sucrose (2%), in 250-mL Erlenmeyer flasks at 25°C in diffuse fluorescent light at a shaker speed of 90 rpm and subcultured at 14-d intervals by inoculating 5 mL of suspension into 85 mL of fresh medium. For determination of fresh weight, aliquots of suspension were filtered through preweighed plastic syringe barrels fitted with sintered polypropylene discs (40-,um pore size). After centrifugation at 200g for 5 min to remove surface liquid, the tubes were re-weighed. The pad of weighed tissue was removed from the tube by air pressure and immediately used for amine and enzyme activity determinations.Cell counts were made on weighed tissue by a modification of the method of Brown and Rickless (6). Portions (100 mg) of tissue were macerated in 5% chromium trioxide in 5% HCI, separated by drawing through a hypodermic needle, and counted with a hemocytometer after appropriate dilution.Estimation of Free Amines. For amine determination, triplicate samples of 1 g fresh weight tissue were extracted overnight at 0°C in 5 mL of 5% perchloric acid to which were added 50 ,uL of 10 mm diaminooctane as internal standard, after Flores and Galston (11). After centrifuga...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines in Relation to Growth in Carrot Cell Cultures

Fallon¹,

Phillips²

1988

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Comparisons between embryogenic and non-embryogenic carrot cultures revealed that the former displayed a significant increase of PA content (Fienberg et al 1984). When treated with DFMA, an irreversible inhibitor of ADC, embryogenic cultures of carrot presented a 50% reduction in embryogenesis along with a decrease in PA content, demonstrating the involvement of the ADC pathway (Feirer et al 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…root formation in mung bean hypocotyl cuttings (Friedman et al 1985) or in leaf explants of tobacco (Burtin et al 1990), growth of immature cotyledons of Prunus avium (Garin et al 1995) and adventitious organogenesis (Scoccianti et al 2000) or somatic embryogenesis (Yadav and Rajam 1997) from eggplant explants. The effect of auxin was explained as an inhibition of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity in carrot cell culture (Fienberg et al 1984) or as a stimulation in pea ovaries (Pérez-Amador and Carbonell 1995) or in BAP-treated Cucumis sativus cotyledons (Suresh et al 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines are involved in the gynogenesis process in onion

Geoffriau

Kahane

Martin-Tanguy

2006

Physiologia Plantarum

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Haploidization in onion (Allium cepa L.) using immature flower buds simulates zygotic embryogenesis with no fecundation. In order to know the involvement of polyamines (PAs) in this process, we determined the concentration of endogenous PAs in flower buds and experimented the addition of various combinations of PA molecules in the medium. At the inoculation stage, high levels of free and conjugated spermidine and low putrescine þ hydroxyputrescine/spermidine þ spermine ratio characterized the highest responsive varieties. During in vitro culture, high levels of putrescine and its derivatives characterized the lowest responsive varieties, whereas high levels of spermidine and spermine characterized responsive varieties. The putrescine þ hydroxyputrescine þ homospermidine/spermidine þ spermine ratio remained low in responsive varieties. The addition of spermidine or spermine (2 · 10 À3 M) to the culture medium improved significantly the embryo production. Our results suggest that the arginine decarboxylase pathway is involved in PA biosynthesis during the in vitro culture of flower buds. Our study showed that specific ratios of PAs are required for successful gynogenesis in onion.

show abstract

“…Plant cells have another enzyme for the biosynthesis of PUT, ADC, which is also important for cell growth and embryogenesis (14). In tobacco cells (31, 37) ADC, not ODC, may be the most important enzyme in the biosynthesis of tobacco-alkaloids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines and the Cell Cycle of Catharanthus roseus Cells in Culture

Maki¹,

Ando²,

Kodama³

et al. 1991

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigation was made on the effect of partial depletion of polyamines (PAs), induced by treatment with inhibitors of the biosynthesis of PAs, on the distribution of cells at each phase of the cell cycle in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. cells in suspension cultures, using flow cytometry. More cells treated with inhibitors of arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and omithine decarboxylase (ODC) were accumulated in the G, phase than those in the control, while the treatment with an inhibitor of spermidine (SPD) synthase showed no effect on the distribution of cells. The endogenous levels of the PAs, putrescine (PUT), SPD, and spermine (SPM), were determined during the cell cycle in synchronous cultures of C. roseus. Two peaks of endogenous level of PAs, in particular, of PUT and SPD, were observed during the cell cycle. Levels of PAs increased markedly prior to synthesis of DNA in the S phase and prior to cytokinesis. Activities of ADC and ODC were also assayed during the cell cycle. Activities of ADC was much higher than that of ODC throughout the cell cycle, but both activities of ODC and ADC changed in concert with changes in levels of PAs. Therefore, it is suggested that these enzymes may regulate PA levels during the cell cycle. These results indicate that inhibitors of PUT biosynthesis caused the suppression of cell proliferation by prevention of the progression of the cell cycle, probably from the G, to the S phase, and PUT may play more important roles in the progression of the cell cycle than other PAs.PAs3 are required for optimal growth in animal and microbial cells. In fact, increases in the activities of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of PAs have been observed in rapidly growing tissues, and measurements of levels of PAs have revealed the rapid accumulation of PAs concurrent with '

show abstract

Developmental regulation of polyamine metabolism in growth and differentiation of carrot culture

Cited by 112 publications

References 29 publications

Polyamines in Relation to Growth in Carrot Cell Cultures

Polyamines in Relation to Growth in Carrot Cell Cultures

Polyamines are involved in the gynogenesis process in onion

Polyamines and the Cell Cycle of Catharanthus roseus Cells in Culture

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About