Developments in Dilatometry for Characterisation of Electrochemical Devices

Michael, Harry; Jervis, Rhodri; Brett, Dan J. L.; Shearing, Paul R.

doi:10.1002/batt.202100027

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 180 publications

(220 reference statements)

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“…Herein, a collapse of the electrode thickness from 13% to 37% has been found in the first discharge due to the dissolution of sulfur in the organic electrolyte. [22h] In another study, Li 2 S on activated carbon (AC) has been used; herein, an expansion of ≈0.5% during first lithiation has been found, which is far below the usual expansion of ≈80% when sulfur is converted to Li 2 S. [22g] For a more comprehensive summary on ECD studies of battery electrodes, the reader is referred to a review recently published by Michael et al [ 23 ]…”

Section: Ecd For Electrochemical Energy Storage Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Guide for Using Electrochemical Dilatometry as Operando Tool in Battery and Supercapacitor Research

Escher

Hahn²,

Ferrero

et al. 2022

Energy Tech

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Lithium‐ion batteries and related battery concepts show an expansion and shrinkage (“breathing”) of the electrodes during cell cycling. The dimensional changes of an individual electrode or a complete cell can be continuously measured by electrochemical dilatometry (ECD). The obtained data provides information on the electrode/cell reaction itself but can be also used to study side reactions or other relevant aspects, e.g., how the breathing is influenced by the electrode binder and porosity. The method spans over a wide measurement range and allows the determination of macroscopic as well as nanoscopic changes. It has also been applied to supercapacitors. The method has been developed already in the 1970s but recent advancements and the availability of commercial setups have led to an increasing interest in ECD. At the same time, there is no “best practice” on how to evaluate the data and several pitfalls exist that can complicate the comparison of literature data. This review highlights the recent development and future trends of ECD and its use in battery and supercapacitor research. A practical guide on how to evaluate the data is provided along with a discussion on various factors that influence the measurement results.

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Section: Ecd For Electrochemical Energy Storage Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Guide for Using Electrochemical Dilatometry as Operando Tool in Battery and Supercapacitor Research

Escher

Hahn²,

Ferrero

et al. 2022

Energy Tech

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“…Quantitative information may be possible by precise determination of the SEI thickness e.g. by using techniques such as dilatometry [36] AFM‐nanoindentation [37] and neutron reflectometry [38] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlative Electrochemical Microscopy for the Elucidation of the Local Ionic and Electronic Properties of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Li‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2022

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The solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a key role in the stability of lithium‐ion batteries as the SEI prevents the continuous degradation of the electrolyte at the anode. The SEI acts as an insulating layer for electron transfer, still allowing the ionic flux through the layer. We combine the feedback and multi‐frequency alternating‐current modes of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) for the first time to assess quantitatively the local electronic and ionic properties of the SEI varying the SEI formation conditions and the used electrolytes in the field of Li‐ion batteries (LIB). Correlations between the electronic and ionic properties of the resulting SEI on a model Cu electrode demonstrates the unique feasibility of the proposed strategy to provide the two essential properties of an SEI: ionic and electronic conductivity in dependence on the formation conditions, which is anticipated to exhibit a significant impact on the field of LIBs.

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“…Finally, at the electrode level, electrochemical dilatometry enables the observation of electrode thickness changes during cycling, which can offer conclusions with respect to microstructural changes on electrode level during cycling. 28 The aim of this study is to investigate the thickness change of various electrode active materials on electrode level, and the dependence thereof on electrode initial porosity. A variety of publications describe the use of electrochemical dilatometry (ECD) measurements.…”

Section: Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Initial Porosity on the Expansion Behavior of Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Moyassari

Kücher

Jobst

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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When charging or discharging a lithium-ion-battery (LIB), lithiation or delithiation of the electrodes takes place. Especially in the case of anode active materials, lithiation often leads to a significant volume increase. The latter can cause a rearrangement of the particles. Although the volumetric changes of state-of-the-art cathode materials have been found to be smaller than for anodes, they remain relevant. The combined volumetric changes of anodes and cathodes are an important factor influencing the lifetime of LIBs. An electrochemical dilatometer was used to measure the thickness change of various electrode active materials under minimal constant pressure (≈ 16 kPa): graphite, silicon-graphite (SiG) composite electrodes, and high-voltage spinel lithium-nickel-manganese-oxide. The influencing factors investigated included the initial porosity of the electrodes, the particle shape of graphite, and the silicon content in the case of the silicon-graphite composite electrodes. Regarding all investigated electrodes, the initial electrode porosity is shown to correlate negatively with the irreversible thickness change during the initial cycles. The thickness change in each electrode was constant over the post-formation cycles, regardless of the initial porosity. Spherical particles in graphite resulted in slightly higher thickness changes than flake-type particles. The thickness change of SiGs increased linearly with silicon content.

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Developments in Dilatometry for Characterisation of Electrochemical Devices

Cited by 18 publications

References 180 publications

A Practical Guide for Using Electrochemical Dilatometry as Operando Tool in Battery and Supercapacitor Research

A Practical Guide for Using Electrochemical Dilatometry as Operando Tool in Battery and Supercapacitor Research

Correlative Electrochemical Microscopy for the Elucidation of the Local Ionic and Electronic Properties of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase in Li‐Ion Batteries

Influence of Initial Porosity on the Expansion Behavior of Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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