Developments in iron and steel making

Zervas, T.; McMullan, J. T.; Williams, B. C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-114x(199601)20:1<69::aid-er241>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The low level of temperature was chosen to be 1000 o C since it is the minimum temperature for the Boudouard and the water-gas reactions to participate in the reduction reactions (15). The reduction furnace could be operated safely at a maximum temperature of 1100 o C which was then selected to be the high level temperature.…”

Section: Reduction Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Iron Ore Fines in Cold-Bonded Self-Reducing Composite Pellets

Nikai

Garbers-Craig

2015

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review

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Section: Reduction Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Iron Ore Fines in Cold-Bonded Self-Reducing Composite Pellets

Nikai

Garbers-Craig

2015

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review

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“…In the DR process (Route 2), only natural ores with high physical and metallurgical properties are applied. Among the numerous processes for direct reduction of iron ore, the Midrex and HYL III (by means of gas) and the SL/RN (rotary Kiln; by means of coal reduction) have had the most successful industrial implementation [13,18,19]. The Midrex process contributes to the biggest share of the directly reduced iron (DRI) produced, which corresponds to about 60% of the world production [12,13,20].…”

Section: Isrn Materials Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the Physical and Metallurgical Properties of Natural Iron Ore for Iron Production

Muwanguzi

Karasev

Byaruhanga

et al. 2012

ISRN Materials Science

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The blast furnace is still the dominant form of iron production, but over the years, direct reduction methods have increased due to a number of reasons. Overall, iron production methods have optimal requirements with respect to the feed materials especially iron ore. In this study, tests were carried out on Muko iron ore from Uganda to analyse its suitability to meet the feed requirements of today's dominant iron production methods. More specifically, the Tumbler, Abrasion, and Shatter Indices of the ore were determined. In addition, porosity, thermoanalysis, and reducibility tests were performed. Overall, the Muko ore was found to have good mechanical properties exemplified with tumble and shatter index data >89.0 wt% and <2.5 wt%, respectively. Furthermore, its reducibility at 0.87%/min is within the acceptable range as a natural material feed for blast furnace and direct reduction furnaces. Also, the energy requirement for heating the ore to 1100• C was found to be higher in the samples containing a wider size range of irregular grains and the largest contaminations. In summary, it is concluded that the Muko iron ore has good physical and metallurgical properties to serve as a natural material for the blast furnace and direct reduction furnaces.

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“…As has been discussed by Zervas et al (1996aZervas et al ( , 1966b, the coke oven and blast furnace integrated plant is expected to continue to be the world's main source of raw material (pig iron) for steelmaking production, as long as supplies last of suitable coke for the coke ovens, and are available at a competitive price. Currently, direct reduction iron contributes a small portion of total world iron-making capacity with about 30 million tonnes per year of direct reduction iron capacity having been installed by June 1994 (Scott, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%