Developments in Stabilization and Disinfection in Alkaline Systems

Fitzmorris, Kari B.; Reimers, Robert S.; Oleszkiewicz, Jan A.; Shepherd, Samuel

doi:10.2175/193864703784292971

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Cavitation processes have been reported to inactivate protozoan oocysts and assisted in enhancing anaerobic digestion processes [15][16][17][18] . Recent studies at Tulane 19 and Cornell 20 have observed that if gases are adsorbed into the interior of the egg, than slight pressure changes have been noted to assist in inactivation of the more resistant parasites such as Ascaris eggs during alkaline stabilization, anaerobic digested sludge dewatering. In all these processes, there was as little as a 2 to 4 atmospheric pressure changes.…”

Section: Cavitation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By increasing the temperature to 55 o C, the effectiveness of ammonia as a disinfecting agent is improved due to the increase of its vapor pressure by five-fold and concentration of non-charged ammonia by possibly one magnitude 1,5 . In fact, the ability of alkaline treated biosolids to disinfect increases as the solids content increases 19 . The usage of acid trimming enhances the exothermic reaction since the acids generally release a magnitude more heat energy than pulverized quicklime.…”

Section: Chemical Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pertinent Factors Involving Disinfection and Stabilization of Municipal Biosolids

Reimers¹,

Acquisto²,

Fitzmorris³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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The inactivation of pathogens in biosolids and residuals can be achieved to physical, chemical and biological stressors. The physical stressors include temperature, cavitation and radioactive irradiation (gamma and beta). The chemical stressors are associated with alkaline agents (raising the pH and causing exothermic reactions), acidic agents (lowering the pH and causing exothermic reactions), oxidation and reduction agents (destroying organics and stabilization of uncharged disinfectants) and non-charged disinfectants (required to disinfect helminth eggs and bacterial spores). The biological processes result in the temperature increases greater and result in the production of biocidal by-products such as organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols, which act as disinfectants. In general, biological residual treatment processes such as composting, anaerobic digestion, alkaline stabilization, lagoon storage and air drying, which involve multistressors factors and are generally more effective and economically viable.The understanding of stabilization is moving from the state of science in the 1970s to the 21 st Century. This entails the control of putrescible organics with the potential destabilization of anaerobically digested biosolids. By understanding the role of oxidants in the stabilization processes, the approach to stabilizing biosolids is changing while utilizing the concepts in collection systems. In the more recent studies, the usage of oxidation-reduction potential is very useful in monitoring these systems along with the usage of Pearson soft acids such as chlorine dioxide and ferrate.

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Section: Cavitation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Stressorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertinent Factors Involving Disinfection and Stabilization of Municipal Biosolids

Reimers¹,

Acquisto²,

Fitzmorris³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter parameter was a function of the total nitrogen concentration, pH and temperature. A series of nomographs that considered ammonia concentration, temperature, exposure time, suspended solids content, and mixing, on inactivation of Ascaris were developed (Fitzmorris et al, 2003). The emission of reduced sulfur compounds from post lime-stabilized biosolids was found to be influenced by the efficacy of mixing of lime into the biosolids (Becker et al, 2003).…”

Section: Sludge Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%