This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.New experimental and theoretical results on the silicon diinterstitial (I 2 ) and its interactions with oxygen and carbon impurity atoms in Si crystals are reported. Electronic structure calculations indicate that I 2 has an acceptor and a donor level in the gap, which are close to the conduction and the valence band edges, respectively. Experimental results, which support the theoretically predicted high mobility of I 2 , are discussed. It is argued that mobile I 2 can be trapped by oxygen and carbon impurities. The I 2 O center has a donor level at E v þ0.09 eV. Two absorption bands at 936 and 929 cm À1 are assigned to the local vibrational modes of the I 2 O defect in the neutral and positively charged states, respectively. The binding energy of I 2 O relative to the separated I 2 and O i species is 0.22 eV. The disappearance of the I 2 O complex upon thermal annealing occurs in the temperature range 50-100 8C and is accompanied by the introduction of another defect, which gives rise to two hole emission signals from energy levels at E v þ0.54 and E v þ0.45 eV. It is argued that these levels are related to a complex consisting of interstitial carbon and interstitial silicon atoms (C i I). The stable configurations of the C i I pair have been found.