Diabetes among the three affiliated tribes: correlation with degree of Indian inheritance.

Brosseau, James D.; Eelkema, R; Crawford, A C; Abe, Takumi

doi:10.2105/ajph.69.12.1277

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Furthermore, unlike other indigenous populations such as Native Americans, where mixed ancestry is associated with reduced risk (23,24), the association between higher percentage of Hawaiian ancestry was not significant once differences in age were considered. There are two possible explanations why type 2 diabetes prevalence was not significantly associated with increasing percentage of Hawaiian ancestry.…”

Section: Figure 1-prevalence Of Glucose Intolerance (Igt + Type 2 Diamentioning

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance Among Native Hawaiians in Two Rural Communities

et al. 1998

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This study observed a high prevalence of glucose intolerance associated with being overweight among native Hawaiians. Age-adjusted type 2 diabetes prevalence was four times higher than among the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) II population. Prevalence was high despite high rates of admixture with other ethnic groups of Hawaii, suggesting that these other Asian and Pacific Island populations share similar susceptibility to type 2 diabetes risk.

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Section: Figure 1-prevalence Of Glucose Intolerance (Igt + Type 2 Diamentioning

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance Among Native Hawaiians in Two Rural Communities

et al. 1998

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“…Translated into a s-value, the recurrence risk for a sibling of an affected person divided by the risk for the general population, this means that a first-degree relative of a patient with type 2 diabetes has a 3-fold increased risk of developing the disease (5). Large ethnic differences in the prevalence of T2D have also been ascribed to a genetic component (6,7). The change in the environment towards a more affluent Western life style plays a key role in the epidemic increase in the prevalence of T2D…”

Section: Evidence That Type 2 Diabetes Is Inheritedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic dissection of type 2 diabetes

Ridderstråle¹,

Groop²

2009

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

123

114

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Compared to the successful probing of genetic causes of monogenic disorders, dissecting the genetics of complex polygenic diseases has until recently been a fairly slow and cumbersome process. With the introduction of whole genome wide association studies (WGAS) the situation dramatically changed in 2007. The results from several recent WGAS on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity have identified at least eighteen genes consistently associated with T2D. Many of the genes implicate pancreatic beta-cell function in the pathogenesis of T2D whereas only one clearly associate with insulin resistance. The identified genes most likely merely represent the tip of the iceberg in the explanation behind T2D. Refined tools will have to provide a more complete picture of the genetic complexity of T2D over the next few years. In addition to common variants increasing susceptibility for the disease, rare variants with stronger effects, copy number variations, and epigenetic effects like DNA methylation and histone acetylation will become important. Nevertheless, today we are able for the first time to anticipate that the genetics of a complex disease like T2D really can be dissected. Key wordsgenetics, complex disease, monogenic, polygenic, linkage study, genome wide scan, association study, single nucleotide polymorphism, epigenetic, type 2 diabetes, obesity. Evidence that type 2 diabetes is inheritedThere is ample evidence that T2D has a strong genetic component. The concordance of T2D in monozygotic twins is approximately 70% compared with 20-30% in dizygotic twins (1,2). Given the age-dependent penetrance of the disease, it is clear that the longer the follow-up, the higher the concordance rate (2). T2D clusters in families. The life-time risk of developing the disease is about 40% in offspring of one parent with T2D (3), greater if the mother is affected (4), the risk approaching 70% if both parents have diabetes. Translated into a s-value, the recurrence risk for a sibling of an affected person divided by the risk for the general population, this means that a first-degree relative of a patient with type 2 diabetes has a 3-fold increased risk of developing the disease (5). Large ethnic differences in the prevalence of T2D have also been ascribed to a genetic component (6,7). The change in the environment towards a more affluent Western life style plays a key role in the epidemic increase in the prevalence of T2Dworldwide. This change has occurred during the last 50 years. Clearly, our genes have not changed during this period but this does not exclude an important role for genes in the rapid increase in T2D, since genes or gene variants explain how we respond to the environment. Page 4 of 25A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 4 Thrifty genotypes or phenotypes?A plausible explanation for the interaction between genes and environment comes from the thrifty gene hypothesis. Neel (8) proposed that individuals living in an environment with unstable food supply (as for hunters and nomads) would maximize their probabilit...

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“…Further evidence that genes play an important role in this disease is indicated by the high degree of concordance (60-90%) for NIDDM observed among monozygotic twins (1,2), by the marked racial and ethnic differences existing in the prevalence of NIDDM (3)(4)(5)(6), and by the strong correlation between NIDDM prevalence and genetic admixture observed in hybrid populations (7)(8)(9)(10). However, thus far, family studies have failed to provide strong evidence for simple Mendelian inheritance of this disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance According to Maternal or Paternal History of Diabetes

Mitchell

Valdéz

Hazuda³

et al. 1993

Diabetes Care

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Diabetes among the three affiliated tribes: correlation with degree of Indian inheritance.

Cited by 40 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance Among Native Hawaiians in Two Rural Communities

Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance Among Native Hawaiians in Two Rural Communities

Genetic dissection of type 2 diabetes

Differences in the Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance According to Maternal or Paternal History of Diabetes

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