Diabetes and Risk of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Abstract

OBJECTIVE -To examine the epidemiologic association between diabetes and risk of nonHodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We searched MEDLINE for observational studies on the association between diabetes and NHL in adults using the keywords "diabetes" and "lymphoma." Prospective cohort studies that reported relative risks or standardized incidence ratios and case-control studies that reported odds ratios with 95% CIs were included. A randomeffects model was used to combine results from the individual studies.RESULTS -A total of 15 manuscripts (reporting data from 5 prospective cohort and 11 case-control studies) met the inclusion criteria. Combining data from all studies, the risk ratio (RR) of developing NHL in patients with diabetes was 1.19 (95% CI 1.04 -1.35). Based on prospective studies, patients with diabetes had an RR of developing NHL of 1.41 (1.07-1.88), without heterogeneity among studies (I 2 ϭ 34.3%; P Ͼ 0.10). Based on case-control studies, patients with diabetes had an RR of 1.12 (95% CI 0.95-1.31) of developing NHL compared with people without diabetes, with some heterogeneity among studies (I 2 ϭ 36.28%; P ϭ 0.09).CONCLUSIONS -Diabetes is associated with a moderately increased risk of NHL, which is consistent with other reported associations between diabetes and malignancies. Future studies should focus on elucidating potential pathophysiologic links between diabetes and NHL.

Cancer Risk Among People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Disentangling True Associations, Detection Bias, and Reverse Causation

“…Our lower estimates relative to this study may be attributed to the use of national population rates as the comparator (rather than a nondiabetic population). SIR estimates for type 2 diabetes obtained in our study are also comparable to previous meta-analyses performed on sitespecific cancer incidence (4,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). We add to the current literature around type 2 diabetes and cancer incidence more precise risk estimates for some of the less common cancers.…”

Diabetes and cancer (1): evaluating the temporal relationship between type 2 diabetes and cancer incidence

“…Numerous epidemiological studies have identified associations between diabetes and several types of cancer in various populations [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] (Table 2). While the literature indicates a strong and consistent increased risk of cancer in people with type 2 diabetes, the strength of association depends on the specific cancer site.…”

“…Risk of endometrial cancer appears to be doubled in women with diabetes [13]. Risks of breast [11], colorectal [12], bladder [15], non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) [16] and kidney [14] cancers are about 20-40% higher in people with type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, prostate cancer is about 10-20% less likely in men with type 2 diabetes, which is thought to be due, in part, to the reduced levels of circulating testosterone in men with diabetes [1,19].…”

Diabetes, prediabetes and cancer mortality

“…Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] or certain treatments for diabetes may increase the risk [8][9][10] of developing cancer. Diabetes may also affect the treatment of cancer; some types of cancer are treated less aggressively in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes [11].…”