Diabetes Concordant Comorbidities and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Out-Patients at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Nowadays diabetic comorbidities constitute a major public health problem in Ethiopian context. However, there is a dearth in epidemiology and risk factors of diabetic comorbidity in Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and identify factors associated with concordant diabetic comorbidities among diabetic out-patients at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital (HFSUH), EasternEthiopia. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing medical record charts of adult diabetic outpatients. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out by using STATA version 16.0. To measure the strength of association an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used. Moreover, variables with p-value ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant with the outcome variable. Results: In this study, it is found that the overall prevalence of concordant comorbidity among adult diabetic out-patients was 55.8% (95% CI: 50.3-61.3). Moreover, more than two-third of patients, 72.73% were diagnosed for type two diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Among specified comorbidities about 42.3% were hypertension, 21.63% were obesity, and 13% were multi-morbidity. Age ≥ 55 years (AOR: 7.52, 95% CI: 1.24, 45.75), T2DM (AOR: 9.01, 95% CI: 1.50, 54.04), 2-5 years duration of treatments (AOR: 0.23, 95 CI: 0.078, 0.691), and poor glycemic control (AOR: 4.4 1, 95% CI: 2.34, 8.32) were factors significantly associated with concordant diabetic comorbidity. Conclusion: From the study conducted, the higher prevalence of concordant comorbidity among diabetic patients was investigated. Furthermore, older in age, T2DM, prolonged duration of treatment, and poor glycemic control were factors associated with diabetic comorbidities. Early detection and appropriate treatment of diabetic comorbidities are very important for better patient's quality of life and functionality.

Correlates of Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Eastern Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…Comorbidity appeared as a correlate of glycemic control in this study. This finding was congruent with those of previous studies conducted in Ethiopia (60) and Croatia that reported the effect of comorbidities on the level of HbA1c (61). This might be because patients with a comorbid condition have less energy to have physical exercise, which likely lowers the blood glucose level (62).…”

Readiness of the primary health care units and associated factors for the management of hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus in Sidama, Ethiopia

“…According to community-based studies, diabetes and hypertension prevalence among adults in Ethiopia ranged from 2.0 percent to 6.5 percent and 9.3% to 30.3%, respectively ( Guariguata et al, 2014 ; Dong et al, 2019 ). Approximately 42.3% of DM patients have hypertension as a comorbidity ( Ejeta et al, 2021 ). However, the overall prevalence of poor glycaemic control and uncontrolled hypertension in patients attending public health facilities was 45.2% and 48.6%, respectively ( Nigussie et al, 2021 ; Aberhe et al, 2020 ).…”

Factors associated with diabetes concordant comorbidities among adult diabetic patients in Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…Previous studies have shown that various factors like sex, age, place of residence, economic status, duration of DM, family history of DM, type of DM, type of treatment, proteinuria, and glycemic control all influence the development of comorbidities in DM patients (6)(7)(8)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

“…Concordant comorbidities are two or more diseases that have a comparable pathophysiological risk profile and a similar disease treatment plan as DM. whereas, conditions that are not etiologically related to DM and don’t share comparable risk factors are discordant comorbidities ( 6 – 8 ).…”

“…In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of DM comorbidity ranges from 6% to 64% ( 12 ). A study done in Ethiopia also revealed that 55.8% of adults with DM had concordant comorbidities ( 6 ).…”