Diabetes, Dipeptidyl Peptidase iv and Wound Healing: from Basic Science to Therapeutic Possibilities

Abstract

Diabetes Disease OverviewDiabetes (lat. Diabetes Mellitus) is defined as a chronic metabolic disease characterized by several pathological outcomes as a consequence of unsettled hyperglycemia. Numerous processes are involved in the disease development and progression, from autoimmune processes leading to the damage of pancreatic β-cells that in turn results in insulin deficiency, to the anomalies that cause resistance to the effect of insulin. The main abnormality is a carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism disturbance because of the withdrawal of insulin action. This causes long-term disorders and dysfunction of various organs, most of all the eyes, blood vessels, the heart, the nerves and the kidneys [1]. Diabetes, according to its etiopathogenesis, is divided into type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes, which could arise in pregnant women. In type 1 diabetes, a complete cessation of insulin secretion induced most probably by an autoimmune process of beta cell destruction is present.Type 2 diabetes, a much more frequent entity, is characterized by a 8+combination of insulin resistance in different cell types and a compensatory insulin secretion disorder. People suffering from this type of diabetes are characterized by intraabdominal obesity that is associated with deficiency or resistance to insulin, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The consequences of this disease are numerous, primarily hyperglycemia is manifested, and whose symptoms are polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, blurred vision and polyphagia. In chronic hyperglycemia, growth disorders and susceptibility to certain infections may also occur. Uncontrolled UPINE PUBLISHERS