Diabetes, periodontitis, and the subgingival microbiota

Ohlrich, Edward J.; Cullinan, M. P.; Leichter, Jonathan W.

doi:10.3402/jom.v2i0.5818

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Individual susceptibility to periodontitis is determined by a range of genetic and environmental factors and is influenced by the presence of systemic disease, such as diabetes. It is clearly established that individuals with diabetes (if poorly controlled) are at increased risk for periodontitis, and much research has focused on investigating aspects of the host response to explain the link between the two diseases (19). Research into the role played by subgingival plaque in patients with diabetes has been rather more limited, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes

Field

Gidley

Preshaw

et al. 2012

J of Periodontal Research

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes

Field

Gidley

Preshaw

et al. 2012

J of Periodontal Research

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“…Host factors are modified by diabetes and may play a causative role in bacteria-induced tissue damage (Andriankaja et al, 2012; Lalla and Papapanou, 2011; Pacios et al, 2012). Although some microbial studies show changes in the abundance of oral microorganisms in diabetes mellitus, there is no direct evidence that diabetes increases the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome (Ohlrich et al, 2010). A consensus report from the European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology found that there is no compelling evidence that diabetes has a significant impact on the oral microbiota (Chapple et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes Enhances IL-17 Expression and Alters the Oral Microbiome to Increase Its Pathogenicity

Xiao

Mattos

Vieira

et al. 2017

Cell Host & Microbe

280

211

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Diabetes is a risk factor for periodontitis, an inflammatory bone disorder and the greatest cause of tooth loss in adults. Diabetes has a significant impact on the gut microbiota, however studies in the oral cavity have been inconclusive. By 16s rRNA sequencing we show here that diabetes causes a shift in oral bacterial composition and, by transfer to germ free mice, that the oral microbiota of diabetic mice is more pathogenic. Furthermore, treatment with IL-17 antibody decreases the pathogenicity of the oral microbiota in diabetic mice; when transferred to recipient germ-free mice oral microbiota from IL-17-treated donors induced reduced neutrophil recruitment, reduced IL-6 and RANKL, and less bone resorption. Thus, diabetes-enhanced IL-17 alters the oral microbiota and renders it more pathogenic. Our findings provide a mechanistic basis to better understand how diabetes can increase the risk and severity of tooth loss.

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“…For example, increased gingival crevicular fluid glucose levels in diabetic patients [25] could provide an altered source of nutrition affecting the growth of certain bacterial species [26]. However, the extent of such effects on the subgingival microbiota composition still remains unclear ([14], [26]). Previous studies were mainly based on traditional methods such as checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and PCR to investigate the differences of the selected subgingival bacteria in diabetics compared with non-diabetics ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota by High-Throughput 16S rDNA Pyrosequencing

et al. 2013

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Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for chronic periodontitis. We investigated the effects of type 2 diabetes on the subgingival plaque bacterial composition by applying culture-independent 16S rDNA sequencing to periodontal bacteria isolated from four groups of volunteers: non-diabetic subjects without periodontitis, non-diabetic subjects with periodontitis, type 2 diabetic patients without periodontitis, and type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis. A total of 71,373 high-quality sequences were produced from the V1-V3 region of 16S rDNA genes by 454 pyrosequencing. Those 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 16 phyla, 27 classes, 48 orders, 85 families, 126 genera, and 1141 species-level OTUs. Comparing periodontally healthy samples with periodontitis samples identified 20 health-associated and 15 periodontitis-associated OTUs. In the subjects with healthy periodontium, the abundances of three genera (Prevotella, Pseudomonas, and Tannerella) and nine OTUs were significantly different between diabetic patients and their non-diabetic counterparts. In the subjects carrying periodontitis, the abundances of three phyla (Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteriodetes), two genera (Actinomyces and Aggregatibacter), and six OTUs were also significantly different between diabetics and non-diabetics. Our results show that type 2 diabetes mellitus could alter the bacterial composition in the subgingival plaque.

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Diabetes, periodontitis, and the subgingival microbiota

Cited by 57 publications

References 85 publications

Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes

Investigation and quantification of key periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Enhances IL-17 Expression and Alters the Oral Microbiome to Increase Its Pathogenicity

Investigation of the Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Subgingival Plaque Microbiota by High-Throughput 16S rDNA Pyrosequencing

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