Diabetic macular edema, Risk factors and concomitants

Faria, Jacqueline M. Lopes de; Jalkh, Alex E.; Trempe, Clement L.; McMeel, J. Wallace

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.1999.770211.x

Cited by 115 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Lopes de Faria and co-workers have shown that adult-onset diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, vitreomacular adhesion and advanced diabetic retinopathy increase the risk for diabetic macular edema (28) . Although our study did not evaluate macular edema as an endpoint, our data showed that visual acuity was directly influenced by the severity of diabetic retinopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Corrêa¹,

Freitas²,

Marcon³

2003

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Risk factors related to the severity of diabetic retinopathyPurpose: To determine the relationship between the severity or stage of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk factors in a southern Brazilian population. Methods: Transversal study of diabetic patients without previous ophthalmologic treatment, seen at a University eye clinic. These patients underwent fundus photography, complete blood work-up, systemic blood pressure measurement, urine analysis, and were questioned about risk factors previously determined by the authors. The presence or absence of risk factors was compared to the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Results: Eighty-one patients were selected, 28 male, 53 female, 55 Caucasians, 26 African descendants, 28 had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 53 had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Factors related to more severe diabetic retinopathy include: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (α<0.01), nephropathy (α<0.05), proteinuria (α<0.05), duration of the disease (p<0.001), elevated fasting plasma glucose (p=0.11), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA (1c)) (p=0.001), total serum cholesterol (p=0.019), lower hematocrit (p=0.004) and hemoglobin (p=0.001). Conclusions: The severity of diabetic retinopathy appears to be associated with risk factors such as duration of disease, type of diabetes, poor metabolic control, hemoglobin levels, total cholesterol and proteinuria. Factors apparently not related to severity of diabetic retinopathy include gender, age, systemic hypertension and hypomagnesemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Corrêa¹,

Freitas²,

Marcon³

2003

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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“…Indeed, dilatation of the retinal arterioles has been shown to occur before the development of diabetic macular oedema 96 whereas reversal of vasopermeability and oedema following pan-retinal laser photocoagulation is associated with retinal vasoconstriction. 64 Supporting evidence for involvement of abnormal retinal blood flow in oedema comes from studies that indicate diffuse macular swelling is more than three times greater in diabetic patients with hypertension 97 and that reducing blood pressure protects against this end point. 4 …”

Section: Macular Oedemamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvascular lesions of diabetic retinopathy: clues towards understanding pathogenesis?

Curtis

Gardiner

Stitt

2009

Eye

318

231

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Retinopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and this condition remains a leading cause of blindness in the working population of developed countries. As diabetic retinopathy progresses a range of neuroglial and microvascular abnormalities develop although it remains unclear how these pathologies relate to each other and their net contribution to retinal damage. From a haemodynamic perspective, evidence suggests that there is an early reduction in retinal perfusion before the onset of diabetic retinopathy followed by a gradual increase in blood flow as the complication progresses. The functional reduction in retinal blood flow observed during early diabetic retinopathy may be additive or synergistic to proinflammatory changes, leucostasis and vasoocclusion and thus be intimately linked to the progressive ischaemic hypoxia and increased blood flow associated with later stages of the disease. In the current review a unifying framework is presented that explains how arteriolar dysfunction and haemodynamic changes may contribute to late stage microvascular pathology and vision loss in human diabetic retinopathy.

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“…Several studies have pointed out the increased frequency of systemic cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) in CMO due to diabetic retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion, and post intraocular surgery. [4][5][6][7][8] Recent reports showed that systemic microvascular damage, which is a risk factor for developing CVD, was associated with inflammatory and diabetic CMO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for cystoid macular oedema in patients with uveitis

Kooij

Probst

Fijnheer

et al. 2006

Eye

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Purpose To determine ophthalmologic and systemic factors associated with the presence of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in patients with uveitis. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study in which 97 consecutive patients with uveitis filled in an extensive questionnaire for the presence of cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors. An analysis of the ophthalmologic and questionnaire data was conducted.Results CMO was present in 44% (43/97) of patients. Its presence was strongly associated with increasing age (P ¼ 0.001) and age at onset of uveitis (Po0.001). For patients older than 50 years, the risk of having CMO was 3.8-fold (95% confidence intervals 1.6-9.0) larger than for younger patients. The most frequent anatomic location of uveitis associated with CMO was panuveitis (49%). Papillary leakage on fluorescein angiography was associated with CMO (Po0.001), independently of other risk factors. After adjustment for age, multivariate logistic regression showed no association between cardiovascular disease and its risk factors and the presence of CMO. Conclusions Age, independent of duration of uveitis, was a major risk factor for the presence of CMO in uveitis. A positive correlation between CMO and papillary leakage on angiography was noted.

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Diabetic macular edema, Risk factors and concomitants

Cited by 115 publications

References 27 publications

Risk factors related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Risk factors related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Microvascular lesions of diabetic retinopathy: clues towards understanding pathogenesis?

Risk factors for cystoid macular oedema in patients with uveitis

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