Diabetic Nephropathy - a Review of Risk Factors, Progression, Mechanism, and Dietary Management

Vijayakumar, Natesan; Kim, Sungjin

doi:10.4062/biomolther.2020.204

Cited by 75 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(73 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, future studies on the progression of DN from stage 1 to stage 5 in the NA-STZ animal model need to be conducted. Moreover, numerous diabetic kidney injury biomarkers, such as those recently reported by Pelle et al [ 46 ] and Natesan et al [ 11 ], have also not been systematically and comprehensively evaluated in this NA-STZ animal model. Most studies use popular kidney injury parameters [ 47 ] such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum cystatin C, creatinine, uric acid, or/and estimated glomerular flow rate (eGFR) for the evaluation of diabetic kidney injury after NA-STZ injections.…”

Section: Renal Pathophysiology In This Na/stz Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetic nephropathy (DN), also known as diabetic kidney disease (DKD) [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus [ 4 , 5 ]. Approximately 30% of diabetic patients can develop DN [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], which is also a chronic kidney disease and can progress to end-stage renal failure [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The hallmarks of DN are kidney hypertrophy [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix accumulation [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], glomerulosclerosis, and persistent levels of proteinuria [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Renal Pathophysiology and Redox Imbalance Features

2022

Biomolecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. While there has been a great advance in our understanding of the pathogenesis of DN, no effective managements of this chronic kidney disease are currently available. Therefore, continuing to elucidate the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms of DN remains a constant need. In this regard, animal models of diabetes are indispensable tools. This review article highlights a widely used rodent model of non-obese type 2 diabetes induced by nicotinamide (NA) and streptozotocin (STZ). The mechanism underlying diabetes induction by combining the two chemicals involves blunting the toxic effect of STZ by NA so that only a percentage of β cells are destroyed and the remaining viable β cells can still respond to glucose stimulation. This NA-STZ animal model, as a platform for the testing of numerous antidiabetic and renoprotective materials, is also discussed. In comparison with other type 2 diabetic animal models, such as high-fat-diet/STZ models and genetically engineered rodent models, the NA-STZ model is non-obese and is less time-consuming and less expensive to create. Given that this unique model mimics certain pathological features of human DN, this model should continue to find its applications in the field of diabetes research.

show abstract

Section: Renal Pathophysiology In This Na/stz Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Renal Pathophysiology and Redox Imbalance Features

2022

Biomolecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As a result, clinically visible osteomalacia is suggested to be the “tip of the iceberg”, while the real responsibility of sub-clinical rickets and osteomalacia remain uncertain ( Haboubi and Jones, 2007 ). Calcium deficiency is affected by various factors: a lack of calcium absorption and a lack of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in Europe, affecting approximately 18% of inhabitants during the winter, though dark-skinned ethnic minorities are at a 3-71 times greater risk ( Cashman et al , 2019 ; Natesan and Kim, 2021a ). The rising prevalence of vitamin D deficiency reflects the trend in osteomalacia, with dark-skinned people being more vulnerable.…”

Section: Rickets/osteomalaciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Bone Diseases and New Drug Developments

Vijayakumar

Kim

2022

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic bone diseases are serious health issues worldwide, since several million individuals over the age of 50 are at risk of bone damage and should be worried about their bone health. One in every two women and one in every four men will break a bone during their lifetime due to a metabolic bone disease. Early detection, raising bone health awareness, and maintaining a balanced healthy diet may reduce the risk of skeletal fractures caused by metabolic bone diseases. This review compiles information on the most common metabolic bone diseases (osteoporosis, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, and fluorosis disease) seen in the global population, including their symptoms, mechanisms, and causes, as well as discussing their prevention and the development of new drugs for treatment. A large amount of research literature suggests that balanced nutrition and balanced periodic supplementation of calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D can improve re-absorption and the regrowth of bones, and inhibit the formation of skeletal fractures, except in the case of hereditary bone diseases. Meanwhile, new and improved drug formulations, such as raloxifene, teriparatide, sclerostin, denosumab, and abaloparatide, have been successfully developed and administered as treatments for metabolic bone diseases, while others (romososumab and odanacatib) are in various stages of clinical trials.

show abstract

“…Lipid metabolism-based disorders were classified into five types by Fredrickson’s, based on the pathway and health effects ( Quispe et al ., 2019 ). When compared to a lower level of lipids, a higher amount of lipid accumulation in the body causes more health disorders, which is known as hyperlipidemia ( Natesan and Kim, 2021 ). Hyperlipidemia refers to a group of serious lipid disorders caused by an abnormally high level of unwanted lipids in the blood ( Verma, 2017 ).…”

Section: Lipid Metabolism Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Metabolism, Disorders and Therapeutic Drugs - Review

Vijayakumar

Kim

2021

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different lifestyles have an impact on useful metabolic functions, causing disorders. Different lipids are involved in the metabolic functions that play various vital roles in the body, such as structural components, storage of energy, in signaling, as biomarkers, in energy metabolism, and as hormones. Inter-related disorders are caused when these functions are affected, like diabetes, cancer, infections, and inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions in humans. During the Covid-19 period, there has been a lot of focus on the effects of metabolic disorders all over the world. Hence, this review collectively reports on research concerning metabolic disorders, mainly cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus. In addition, drug research in lipid metabolism disorders have also been considered. This review explores lipids, metabolism, lipid metabolism disorders, and drugs used for these disorders.

show abstract

Diabetic Nephropathy - a Review of Risk Factors, Progression, Mechanism, and Dietary Management

Cited by 75 publications

References 79 publications

The Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Renal Pathophysiology and Redox Imbalance Features

The Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Renal Pathophysiology and Redox Imbalance Features

Metabolic Bone Diseases and New Drug Developments

Lipid Metabolism, Disorders and Therapeutic Drugs - Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About