Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2) and Monoacylglycerol Acyltransferase-2 (MGAT2) Interact to Promote Triacylglycerol Synthesis

Abstract

Background: DGAT2 catalyzes the final and committed step of triacylglycerol (TG) biosynthesis. Results: Co-immunoprecipitation experiments and in situ proximity ligation assays showed that DGAT2 and MGAT2 interact. Conclusion: DGAT2 can utilize diacylglycerol generated by MGAT2 for TG synthesis. Significance: These findings provide insight into the spatial arrangement of enzymes involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis.

Ceramide Is Metabolized to Acylceramide and Stored in Lipid Droplets

“…DGAT2 is involved in bulk TG synthesis, and its overexpression in mouse liver or hepatoma cells induces TG formation in LD (Monetti et al, 2007). Fatty acid treatment also induces DGAT2 to associate with LD and take part in LD expansion (Harris et al, 2011; Jin et al, 2014; McFie et al, 2014; Wilfling et al, 2013; Xu et al, 2012). In addition to TG storage and control of energy metabolism, LD are involved in cancer cachexia and cancer cell growth (Qi et al, 2013; Yue et al, 2014).…”

New insights into the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes

“…94,119,120 The DGAT2 activity seems to be critical for channeling DAGs produced by the DNL pathway into VLDL assembly and secretion. 121 This metabolic routing is proposed to favor the accumulation of "good" fat and prevent accumulation of lipotoxic species (DAGs, ceramides). 122 Ceramides are lipid species that act as metabolic modulators in several processes including oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis coupled with insulin resistance.…”

Recent discoveries on absorption of dietary fat: Presence, synthesis, and metabolism of cytoplasmic lipid droplets within enterocytes

“…Although DGAT2 was initially identified as an integral ER membrane protein, it has also been shown to localize to CLDs of several cell types [59, 69, 71]. It has been observed to co-localize with an established CLD-associated protein, perilipin 2 (Plin2, also known as adipocyte related protein (ADRP) and adipophilin) [58].…”