Diagenetic Reactions in Sandstones

Bjørlykke, Knut

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7259-9_3

Cited by 83 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There are occasional occurrences of rock fracture porosity. Carbonate cement and K feldspar dissolution may be accounted for by the circu lation of meteoric fresh waters during a telodiagenetic stage (Bj0rlykke 1980(Bj0rlykke , 1983Arribas and Soriano 1984).…”

Section: Secondary Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

Ochoa

Arribas

2005

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Buntsandstein deposits generated in a slowly subsiding basin on the western margin of the Iberian Chain are represented by a stratigraphic succession of fluvial deposits less than 100 m thick (conglomerates, sandstones, and shales). Diagenetic processes in sand stones can be grouped as eodiagenetic, mesodiagenetic, and telodiagenetic. Eodiagenesis can be associated with Muschelkalk, Keuper, and probably early Juras sic times. Mesodiagenesis is probably related to Jurassic times. Diagenetic chemical reactions suggest a maximum burial less than 1.5 km and low tempera tures « 120°C). Patterns of porosity reduction by compaction and cementation suggest four diagenetic stages: (1) Loss of primary porosity by early mechanical compaction; (2) early cementation (K feldspar and dolomite); (3) dissolution of cements; and (4) framework collapse by re-compaction. These stages are manifested by the presence of two types of sand stone. Type I sandstones present high intergranular volume (mean, 30%). Type II sandstones are charac terized by high compactional porosity loss and exhibit low values of intergranular volume (mean, 16.9%). Type 11 sandstones are associated with the dissolution of cement and later re-compaction of type I sand stones. An intermediate telodiagenetic phase is de duced and related to the sharp unconformity between Lower Cretaceous sediments and the underlying sedi ments. This suggests that a mechanically unstable framework collapsed during the Cretaceous, generating type II sandstones. The analyzed diagenetic paths have a wide applicability on similar marginal areas of rift basins.

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Section: Secondary Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

Ochoa

Arribas

2005

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…Diffusion is considered to be the most important means of short distance migration of ions using the concentration gradient [e.g. 21,9,12]. Calculations show that diffusion alone accounts for most of mass transfer, and silica transport by diffusion is possible over 3-5 meters [e.g.…”

Section: Discussion and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pressure solution, stylolitization and clay mineral transformation were possible sources for the late stage authigenesis of quartz crystals. The main factors that control the amount of quartz cement in a sandstone are framework composition, residence time in the silica mobility window, fluid composition, fluid path and flow volume, which are variables dependent upon tectonics, type of sedimentary basin, composition and relief of the source area [21].…”

Section: Discussion and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenesis and Mass Transfer Between Permo-Triassic Sandstones and Interbedded Mudstones, Ulster Basin

Ahmed

2002

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. Beds of siltstone, mudstone and shale are interbedded in the Permo-Triassic sandstones of the Ulster Basin, UK, at different stratigraphic levels. The paragenetic sequences of authigenic minerals both in the sandy and fine-grained sediments (mudstones and siltstones) indicate red bed diagenetic trend. Abundant authigenic quartz overgrowths and carbonate crystals observed near the sandstone-siltstone and sandstone-mudstone contacts, indicating that pore water and mass transfer from the fine-grained sediments to sandstone facies. The fine-grained sediments are the main source of ions for the authigenesis of quartz and feldspar overgrowths and carbonate precipitation. Mechanical compaction of fine-grained sediments, influx of gravity-driven acidic meteoric pore water, dehydration water, diffusion and convection are the most important means of mass transfer and pore water circulation. Pore water migration depends upon permeability distribution and pressure difference.

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“…The presence of fairly abundant kaolinite in Site 799 sandstones in contrast to Site 796 and 797 sandstones may be related to the abundance of orthoclase feldspars in Site 799 sandstones. Kaolinite is a common alteration product of K-feldspars (Bj0rlykke, 1981;Charnley, 1989, p. 22). Albitization of Plagioclase feldspars may also play some role in its formation because kaolinite can precipitate as a by-product of albitization (Boles, 1982).…”

Section: Clay-mineral Authigenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic Albitization, Zeolitization, and Replacement in Miocene Sandstones, Sites 796, 797, and 799, Japan Sea

Boggs¹,

Seyedolali²

1992

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Framework grains and matrix in sandstones from ODP Sites 796, 797, and 799 have been altered to various degrees owing to chemical diagenetic processes. Petrographic and geochemical data show that albitization of Plagioclase feldspars and replacement of matrix, glass shards, volcanic rock fragments, and feldspars by zeolites, carbonates, clay minerals, sulfates, and sulfides were the dominant diagenetic processes.Feldspars in the volcanic lithic sandstones at Site 796, which were buried to shallow depths and subjected to relatively low diagenetic temperatures (40°-65°C), have not been albitized. On the other hand, zeolites have replaced many of the glass shards, and calcite has extensively replaced mud matrix and framework grains in many sandstones at this site. Most Plagioclase feldspars in the volcanic lithic sandstones at Site 797, where diagenetic temperatures may have exceeded 100°C, have been altered to albite. In addition, zeolites, mixed-layer clay minerals, anhydrite, barite, and calcite commonly replace glass shards, volcanic rock fragments, and feldspars. Many Plagioclase feldspars in the feldspathic sandstones (arkoses) at Site 799, which were subjected to diagenetic temperatures of approximately 100°C, have also been albitized. Zeolites are absent in Site 799 sandstones, but kaolinite occurs as a cement and as a replacement mineral for matrix and feldspars. Carbonate minerals, particularly calcite, are common replacement minerals for matrix, Plagioclase, orthoclase, and volcanic rock fragments at Site 799.Because albitization has altered the original compositions of Site 797 and 799 Plagioclase feldspars, these feldspars are not reliable indicators of the compositions of the parent source rocks. Total replacement of some framework grains in Site 796, 797, and 799 sandstones by zeolites or carbonates has also reduced the provenance information available from the framework grains.

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Diagenetic Reactions in Sandstones

Cited by 83 publications

References 31 publications

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

Diagenetic paths in the margin of a Triassic Basin: NW zone of the Iberian Chain, Spain

Diagenesis and Mass Transfer Between Permo-Triassic Sandstones and Interbedded Mudstones, Ulster Basin

Diagenetic Albitization, Zeolitization, and Replacement in Miocene Sandstones, Sites 796, 797, and 799, Japan Sea

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