Diagnosis and treatment of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-associated staphylococcal pneumonia

Matt, Morgan

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.04.019

Cited by 100 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), an extracellular toxin that destroys white blood cells is produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureusand named after two scientists who first described this (4,7). Pneumonia caused by PVL secreting S aureus seems to be specific disease entity with a death rate of 75% causing necrotizing community acquired pneumonia (CAP) (1,6). PVL can be secreted by methicillin sensitive or resistant S aureus (4,5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classical clinical findings strongly suggestingthe diagnosis include haemoptysis, hypotension, "flu-like" illness myalgia, chills, fever of 39°C or above, tachycardia >140 beats/min, diarrhoea and vomiting (may be due to associated toxic shock) (7,3). CXR findings include bilateral multilobular infiltrates on chest X-ray, usually accompanied by abcess, recurrent pneumothoraces, pneumatocele, pleural effusion and later cavitation (1,7,8). Laboratory investigations that are helpful in confirming the diagnosis include, Gram stain of sputum reveals gram-positive cocci in clusters, leukopenia, high CRP level, negative pneumococcal and legionella antigen (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CXR findings include bilateral multilobular infiltrates on chest X-ray, usually accompanied by abcess, recurrent pneumothoraces, pneumatocele, pleural effusion and later cavitation (1,7,8). Laboratory investigations that are helpful in confirming the diagnosis include, Gram stain of sputum reveals gram-positive cocci in clusters, leukopenia, high CRP level, negative pneumococcal and legionella antigen (1). Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase suggests myositis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A case series of necrotizing pneumonia due to community acquired MRSA

Sandakumari

Pilapitiya

Dahanayaka

et al. 2014

Anuradhapura Med. J.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) is uncommon. In this case series, wedescribe four young immune-competent healthy males presenting with severe respiratory distress progressing to necrotizing pneumonia. All required ventilation and recovered without sequelae. One patient developed myositis and the other three developed pleural effusions and pneumothoraxes; two of them needing intercostal tube (ICT) insertion and drainage.These cases highlight community acquired MRSA in developing countries where antibiotics are frequently used empirically with little laboratory guidance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A case series of necrotizing pneumonia due to community acquired MRSA

Sandakumari

Pilapitiya

Dahanayaka

et al. 2014

Anuradhapura Med. J.

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“…Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-producing, communityassociated MRSA (CA-MRSA) is an emerging cause of fulminant community-acquired pneumonia worldwide (2,6,9). The disease tends to occur in healthy children and young adults with no underlying medical conditions but with earlier or concurrent respiratory viral infections and to exhibit a fulminant clinical course with rapid patient deterioration following pulmonary necrosis, hemorrhage, and respiratory failure (9).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease tends to occur in healthy children and young adults with no underlying medical conditions but with earlier or concurrent respiratory viral infections and to exhibit a fulminant clinical course with rapid patient deterioration following pulmonary necrosis, hemorrhage, and respiratory failure (9). In Hong Kong, little is know about PVL-positive CA-MRSA pneumonia.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Typing of Cytological Samples for Retrospective Identification of an Early Case of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin-Positive, Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

Ho¹,

Wong²,

Lai³

et al. 2008

J Clin Microbiol

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CASE REPORTThe patient was an 8-month-old infant. The mother was a housewife (Filipino ethnicity), while the father was a public service officer (Indian ethnicity). In March 2001, the patient presented to our hospital with a 3-day history of cough, malaise, and poor appetite. He had had fever since the night before and shortness of breath in the morning of the admission date. The patient had no significant medical history. There was no history of recent travel. A physical examination revealed a temperature of 39°C, a heart rate of 130 beats/min, a respiratory rate of 60 respirations/min, and an oxygen saturation of 93% by pulse oximetry. Chest examination revealed bilateral crepitations and a mild wheeze.The complete blood picture revealed leukopenia (white cell count, 1.8 ϫ 10 9 /liter), thrombocytopenia (platelet count, 148 ϫ 10 9 /liter), and anemia (hemoglobin, 8.4 g/dl). The serum creatinine level and liver biochemistry were normal. A chest X-ray showed extensive, bilateral lung consolidation in all zones and air bronchogram and cystic changes in several areas. The patient was resuscitated, and empirical intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanate and cloxacillin were started. Initially, he was put on a 50% oxygen Venturi mask for respiratory support.

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Catastrophic complications of PVL‐MRSA necrotizing pneumonia presenting as respiratory failure and rhabdomyolysis, case report and review of the literature

Alawad,

Zara,

Elgohari

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Panton-Valentine leucocidin toxin-producing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is an important uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia; we describe a case of necrotizing pneumonia presenting as respiratory failure necessitating early initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis, awareness, prompt recognition and appropriate management are crucial due to possible significant pathology.

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Diagnosis and treatment of Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-associated staphylococcal pneumonia

Cited by 100 publications

References 76 publications

A case series of necrotizing pneumonia due to community acquired MRSA

A case series of necrotizing pneumonia due to community acquired MRSA

DNA Typing of Cytological Samples for Retrospective Identification of an Early Case of Panton-Valentine Leucocidin-Positive, Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

Catastrophic complications of PVL‐MRSA necrotizing pneumonia presenting as respiratory failure and rhabdomyolysis, case report and review of the literature

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