Diagnosis and Treatment Policy for Severe Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the Lung in Newborn Infants

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM): A case report and review of the literature

“…About 80%-85% of CPAM are diagnosed by the first 2 years of life [15] . In instances where CPAM is diagnosed later in life, chronic inflammation from recurrent infections may cause alteration in the radiological and histological presentation [5] . Malignant cases from CPAM have also been reported.…”

“…Typically, it is diagnosed prenatally in ultrasound, with only a few cases diagnosed in children and adults, the most common presentation being recurrent and resistant infections [2] . CPAM is now classified into 5 different types according to the origin of the tracheobronchial tree and the presence of cystic components, radiologic appearance, and dimensions [5] . Stocker's criteria classify CPAM from type 0 to type IV.…”

“…Bilateral CPAM is rare and is associated with poor prognosis [7] . While the prenatally diagnosed CPAM has typical sonographic features, those diagnosed in childhood and adults may have recurrent infection and inflammation leading to altered radiological and histological appearance [ 5 , 8 ].…”