2022
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071659
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Diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: From Immunological Observations to Clinical Applications

Abstract: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) constitute a very heterogeneous group of diseases with a high prevalence in elderly patients and a propensity for progression to acute myeloid leukemia. The complexity of these hematopoietic malignancies is revealed by the multiple recurrent somatic mutations involved in MDS pathogenesis and the paradoxical common phenotype observed in these patients characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and cytopenia. In the context of population aging, the incidence of MDS will strongly i… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…59 In MDS, key drivers of tumorigenesis are related to aberrant innate immune activation and proinflammatory signaling interacting within the malignant clone and the BM microenvironment. 60 Aging, chronic infection and autoimmune/autoinflammatory disease are all factors that promote chronic inflammation or "smoldering inflammation", 61 and therefore may all promote clonal evolution to MDS (Figure 6). Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, an important part of the innate immune system, has been found to be upregulated in MDS, with overexpression of TLRs observed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of patients, compared with agematched controls.…”
Section: Linking the Inflammasome With The Pathophysiology Of Mdsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…59 In MDS, key drivers of tumorigenesis are related to aberrant innate immune activation and proinflammatory signaling interacting within the malignant clone and the BM microenvironment. 60 Aging, chronic infection and autoimmune/autoinflammatory disease are all factors that promote chronic inflammation or "smoldering inflammation", 61 and therefore may all promote clonal evolution to MDS (Figure 6). Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, an important part of the innate immune system, has been found to be upregulated in MDS, with overexpression of TLRs observed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of patients, compared with agematched controls.…”
Section: Linking the Inflammasome With The Pathophysiology Of Mdsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As an alternative, other parameters that contribute to the prognosis of MDS can be explored by using risk systems. A growing consensus shows that inflammation and immunological dysregulation are critical in MDS development, [3][4][5] but the clinical indicators of systemic inflammatory and immunological responses, as well as their prognostic relevance in patients with MDS, have not been well demonstrated.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%