Diagnostic Application of Lysosomal Exoglycosidases

Abstract

Lysosomal exoglycosidases gradually degrade oligosaccharide chains of glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosaminoglycans) in cell lysosomes. Defect in the activity of suitable lysosomal exoglycosidase stops degradation of oligosaccharide chains on sugar molecules not released by deficient exoglycosidase, and nondegraded oligosaccharide chains are stored in enlarged lysosomes. Enlarged lysosomes damage remaining cell structures and disturb the function of involved tissues, causing storage diseases. An increase in the activity of exoglycosidases in tissues and body fluids is observed in the reconstruction of damaged tissues. Exoglycosidase activity is an inexpensive and sensitive marker in diagnostics and monitoring of many diseases.

Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patient with Nasal Polyp Characteristics at Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung

“…This study shows a similar result to several studies which stated that CRS occurs in people aged 35-42 years old. 8,13,14 However, a study has reported different results that CRS occurs in >19 years old patients while another study discovered CRS occurs in people aged 15-24 years old. 4,9 Most CRS with NP patients who visited the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung in 2014 were 32-42 years old with employees with outdoor activities who were exposed the air pollution, such as smoke and vehicle emission comprised the majority of the patients based on their occupation.…”

“…However, several studies also discovered that There are several studies on rhinosinusitis with NP conducted for any purpose. [10][11][12][13] The studies revealed that rhinosinusitis with NP symptoms caused by the inflammatory cells, Th1/Th2 polarization, remodeling process and edema shaping or immune product. Therefore, these investigations do not carry sufficient results that only a small number of studies examined the risk factor of rhinosinusitis with NP.…”

Positive Correlation of Serum N-Acetyl-β-hexosaminidase with Markers of Atherosclerosis in Diabetes Type 2 Patients with Mild Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety

“…It should be mentioned that DT2 patients are routinely treated with drugs lowering concentrations of serum lipidogram parameters, but not necessarily lowering the atheromatic complications. We propose the determination of HEX in serum of DT2 patients because HEX and other lysosomal exoglycosidases are markers of tissue degradation and remodeling [ 42 ], inflammation, and atherosclerosis. In DT2 patients, serum HEX activity positively correlated with serum LDL cholesterol, serum triacylglycerols, and Castelligro atherogenic index.…”