Diagnostic Cell Pathology in Tissue and Smears

Nieburgs, Herbert E.; Haam, E. Von

doi:10.1097/00000441-196805000-00019

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Hogoson et al (1972) Nieburg (1967) described changes in vaginal smears of new born humans during the first few weeks of life and associated these with decreases in estrogen derived from their mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Mare and Foal Oral Smears

Kamarasy

Pappelis²

1979

CYTOLOGIA

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Roszel (1975) recently reviewed the literature on vaginal exfoliative cytology and cell nomenclature as it relates to cytohormonal patterns and genital cancer in the dog. Her findings on cellular changes during the estrous cycle in dogs were in general agreement with those of Christie and Bell (1973) and she reaffirmed the value of cytological evaluation for determination of optimal breeding time. Although she described differential cell count methods, based upon different morphological expressions of vaginal cell maturation used in human studies (Karyopycnotic Index, Maturation Index, Maturation Value, and others), she did not use these methods to report her data on dogs. The nomenclature advocated to describe exfoliated vaginal cells from dogs was like that used for exfoliated human vaginal cells observed in smears: i.e. basal, parabasal, intermediate and superficial. She described additional cell types observed in vaginal smears from dogs and suggested that further study of the various indices using differential cell counts were in order. Mowrer et al. (1975) reported studies of vaginal cytology to improve cat breeding but did not use maturation indices to classify their observations. Bach (1973) described the use of exfoliative cytology of peritoneal fluid in the horse but did not use maturation indices to present his data. We are not aware of any oral or vaginal exfoliative cytology studies for horses. Sequential steps in the development of human buccal cells, especially with respect to the degeneration of the nucleus, have recently been described , Lee et al. 1973 The inferred sequence of degeneration of intermediate cells, based on the decrease in nuclear size and dry mass, was as follows: cells with round nuclei degenerated to form cells with oval nuclei; cells with oval nuclei degenerated to form cells with rod-pycnotic nuclei; and, rod-pycnotic nuclei became smaller, resulting in cells with pycnotic nuclei. Finally, complete nuclear degeneration resulted in anucleate cells.Using epifluorescence ultra-violet phase contrast microscopy with oral smears from humans, an additional cell type was observed and called "ghost" (Pappelis, et al. 1976). Although often observed in smears, the location of ghost cells in

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Mare and Foal Oral Smears

Kamarasy

Pappelis²

1979

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Malignancy associated changes in morphology or biomarkers are used to distinguish a cancer cell from a normal cell. 1 One such biomarker, which has been extensively studied in the past for early diagnosis of cancer, is aneuploidy, an abnormal DNA content. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Various attempts have been made to automate this diagnostic process of nuclear DNA content assessment using computeraided analysis of two-dimensional (2-D) slides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional DNA image cytometry by optical projection tomographic microscopy for early cancer diagnosis

Agarwal

Biancardi

Patten³

et al. 2014

J. Med. Imag

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Abstract. Aneuploidy is typically assessed by flow cytometry (FCM) and image cytometry (ICM). We used optical projection tomographic microscopy (OPTM) for assessing cellular DNA content using absorption and fluorescence stains. OPTM combines some of the attributes of both FCM and ICM and generates isometric highresolution three-dimensional (3-D) images of single cells. Although the depth of field of the microscope objective was in the submicron range, it was extended by scanning the objective's focal plane. The extended depth of field image is similar to a projection in a conventional x-ray computed tomography. These projections were later reconstructed using computed tomography methods to form a 3-D image. We also present an automated method for 3-D nuclear segmentation. Nuclei of chicken, trout, and triploid trout erythrocyte were used to calibrate OPTM. Ratios of integrated optical densities extracted from 50 images of each standard were compared to ratios of DNA indices from FCM. A comparison of mean square errors with thionin, hematoxylin, Feulgen, and SYTOX green was done. Feulgen technique was preferred as it showed highest stoichiometry, least variance, and preserved nuclear morphology in 3-D. The addition of this quantitative biomarker could further strengthen existing classifiers and improve early diagnosis of cancer using 3-D microscopy.

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“…It was observed that in cells with MACs, the modified micro and submicro chromatin structure can be orderly or it can be similar to the disorderly chromatin of malignant tumor cells [4]. As an example, still in [4], it is reported that the buccal mucosa of patients having malignant tumors in various sites includes cells with characteristic nuclear changes. In [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to better describe MACs, Nieburgs [4] evidenced particular structures called chromocenters and chromatin bands in the chromatin arrangement of normal-appearing cells. He classified these structures into five categories according to their microscopic appearance of size, shape, staining quality, and nuclear arrangement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He classified these structures into five categories according to their microscopic appearance of size, shape, staining quality, and nuclear arrangement. It was shown [4] that microscopic appearance of the nuclear structure depends on some factors highlighted in fixation, staining, the mitotic phase, the pathology of the cellular alteration, and the microscopic magnification used for the examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A decision support system to detect morphologic changes of chromatin arrangement in normal-appearing cells

Sacile

Montaldo

Ruggiero

et al. 2003

IEEE Trans.on Nanobioscience

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Several studies have described malignancy-associated changes (MACs) of chromatin arrangement in the nuclei of apparently normal cells adjacent to and distant from an invasive cancer area. MAC assessment is a hard task, since it requires a deep knowledge of morphologic features of chromatin arrangement. The aim of this work is to verify the reproducibility of the subjective evaluation of the expert on the basis of a decision support system (DSS) that automatically and objectively reproduces MAC diagnosis. A set of 61 patients with suspected clinical diagnosis for lung cancer has been taken into account. The scientist who first described MAC defined each patient as MAC positive or negative on the basis of the MAC diagnosis performed on all cells of the related cytologic sample. A DSS based on an artificial neural network has been set up to learn the relation between 14 morphometric and texture parameters, computed on each nucleus by image processing techniques, with the MAC diagnosis of the expert on each cell. The results show that an objective automatic assessment on MAC by the DSS can effectively support the MAC diagnosis. The method adopted in this approach may be also appropriate for other problems, where an automatic classification of visually inspected patterns of biological micro- and submicrostructure is needed.

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Diagnostic Cell Pathology in Tissue and Smears

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Differences in Mare and Foal Oral Smears

Differences in Mare and Foal Oral Smears

Three-dimensional DNA image cytometry by optical projection tomographic microscopy for early cancer diagnosis

A decision support system to detect morphologic changes of chromatin arrangement in normal-appearing cells

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