Diagnostic Procedures in Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Dalal, Monica; Casady, Megan; Moriarty, Emily; Faia, Lisa; Nussenblatt, Robert B.; Chan, Chi Chao; Sen, H. Nida

doi:10.3109/09273948.2013.848905

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A diagnosis of VRL is made when cytology and flow cytometry of ocular samples identify a monoclonal neoplastic B lymphocyte population; ancillary testing may detect elevated interleukin‐10 in intraocular fluid and/or demonstrate of clonal immunoglobulin heavy‐chain gene rearrangements or mutation in the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 ( MYD88 ) in tumour cells . Several ocular biopsy procedures may be required to make this diagnosis, since in many cases, tumour cells are fragile and sparse . Corticosteroid drugs are lymphotoxic, and it is recommended that sampling be postponed for a few weeks if the patient has been taking local and/or systemic corticosteroids, in order to maximize the yield of malignant cells …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Several ocular biopsy procedures may be required to make this diagnosis, since in many cases, tumour cells are fragile and sparse. 7 Corticosteroid drugs are lymphotoxic, and it is recommended that sampling be postponed for a few weeks if the patient has been taking local and/or systemic corticosteroids, in order to maximize the yield of malignant cells. 8 There is a limited evidence-base to guide the management of VRL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraocular chemotherapy for vitreoretinal lymphoma: A review

Kvopka

Lake

Smith

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Vitreoretinal lymphomas are rare ocular cancers, and the subset of primary central nervous system lymphomas that are based in the posterior eye. These tumours are challenging to treat, and today management generally involves a multispecialty team coordinating a treatment protocol that may include intraocular chemotherapy, ocular irradiation, systemic chemotherapy and/or autologous stem cell transplantation. The ophthalmologist has specific responsibility for the intraocular chemotherapy, which is delivered to the eye by intravitreal injection. The most commonly injected drugs are methotrexate—an anti‐metabolite—and rituximab—an anti‐human B cell monoclonal antibody. A range of intraocular chemotherapy treatment schedules have been described in the medical literature, although to date there have been no randomized clinical trials of these schedules. In this article, we review the development and current status of intraocular chemotherapy for vitreoretinal lymphoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraocular chemotherapy for vitreoretinal lymphoma: A review

Kvopka

Lake

Smith

2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…Vitreous is most commonly sampled in a vitrectomy, for analysis by cytology and flow cytometry . Typically more than two diagnostic procedures are required . However, delaying diagnosis, and therefore the start of treatment, may have vision‐ and life‐threatening consequences …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Typically more than two diagnostic procedures are required. 5 However, delaying diagnosis, and therefore the start of treatment, may have vision-and lifethreatening consequences. 6,7 Several biological and technical factors contribute to the difficulty in making a tissue diagnosis in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging diagnostic tests for vitreoretinal lymphoma: a review

Dawson

Williams

Appukuttan

et al. 2018

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Vitreoretinal lymphoma, which most commonly is diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin in type, is a rare cancer with high morbidity and high mortality. Making a tissue diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma is a major challenge for clinicians due to biological and technical factors. Yet, the delay in start of treatment may have vision- and life-threatening consequences, and there is considerable interest in the application of molecular assays to improve the accuracy of the diagnostic process: detection of a clonal immunoglobulin heavy-chain rearrangements in lymphoma cells by polymerase chain reaction; measurement of vitreous or aqueous interleukin-10 protein levels in ocular fluids; and identification of mutations in the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 in tumour cells. In this article, we review the historical development and current application of each of these molecular methods. We also discuss future opportunities for the molecular diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma through next-generation sequencing technologies.

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“…4 a und b). In vielen Fällen, insbesondere nach erfolgter Steroidtherapie, ist dies jedoch nicht richtungsweisend [15] und ein weiterer Eingriff wird notwendig [16][17][18]. Auch in unserem Patientenkollektiv konnte nur in 3 Fäl-len die Diagnose eines intraokularen Lymphoms zytologisch mit einer Glaskörperbiopsie gesichert werden.…”

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