Dianthins, ribosome-damaging proteins with anti-viral properties from Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation)

Abstract

1. Dianthin 30 and dianthin 32, two proteins isolated from the leaves of Diathus caryophyllus (carnation), were purified to homogeneity by chromatography on CM-cellulose. 2. The mol.wt. of dianthin 30 is 29 500 and that of dianthin 32 is 31 700. Both dianthins are glycoproteins containing mannose. 3. Dianthins inhibit protein synthesis in a lysate of rabbit reticulocytes, with an ID50 (concentration giving 50% inhibition) of 9.15 ng/ml (dianthin 30) and 3.6 ng/ml (dianthin 32). They act by damaging ribosomes in a less-than-equimolar ratio. Protein synthesis by intact cells is partially inhibited by dianthins at a concentration of 100 microgram/ml. 4. Dianthins mixed with tobacco-mosaic virus strongly decrease the number of local lesions on leaves of Nicotiana glutinosa.

TAP 29: an anti-human immunodeficiency virus protein from Trichosanthes kirilowii that is nontoxic to intact cells.

“…Consequently, they impair the interaction of the elongation factor EF2 with the 60S ribosomal subunit, which results in the abrogation of polypeptide chain elongation. SCRIPs are basic proteins with pI in the range of pH 8-10 and molecular (20,21), dianthins (22), the pokeweed antiviral proteins (24)(25)(26), and MAP 30, a SCRIP that we recently reported (14).…”

A systemic antiviral resistance‐inducing protein isolated from Clerodendrum inerme Gaertn. is a polynucleotide:adenosine glycosidase (ribosome‐inactivating protein)

“…In some cases the antiviral activity, but not the systemic resistance induction, was due to proteins which were provisionally named ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs, review in [2]). Some proteins with antiviral activity were indeed found to be RIPs [3] and, conversely, the antiviral activity in plant extracts led to the identification of some new RIPs [4]. Recently two basic glycoproteins, called CIP-29 and CIP-34, which induced a very high degree of systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana tabacum cv.…”

Mechanism and site of action of a ribosome‐inactivating protein type 1 from Dianthus barbatus which inactivates Escherichia coli ribosomes

“…29,000. With reference to the already known RIPs Dianthin 30 and Dianthin 32 from Dianthus caryophyllus L. [18], the name Dianthin 29 is proposed for the described protein.…”